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UNIT 4 Psych Part 1

UNIT 4 Psych, Modules 21-23

TermDefinition
Learning The process of acquiring through experience new and relatively enduring information or behaviors.
Associative Learning Learning that certain events occur together.
Stimulus Any event or situation that evokes a response.
Respondent Behavior Behavior that occurs as an automatic response to some stimulus.
Operant Behavior Behavior that operates on the environment, producing consequences.
Cognitive Learning We learn things we have neither experienced, nor learned.
Classical Conditioning We learn to expect and prepare for significant events such as food or pain.
Behaviorism A school of psychology that studies the behavior of humans and animals based on observable, measurable, and quantitative events.
Neutral Stimulus A stimulus which does not innately evoke a response.
Unconditioned Response An unlearned response that occurs naturally in reaction to the unconditioned stimulus.
Unconditioned Stimulus A stimulus that leads to an automatic response without prior learning.
Conditioned Response A learned response to a previously neutral stimulus that occurs after conditioning.
Conditioned Stimulus A previously neutral stimulus that eventually triggers a conditioned response.
Acquisition Classical conditioning: creating the initial association. Operant Conditioning: strengthening of a reinforced response or decreasing of a punished response
Extinction When an unconditioned stimulus does not follow a conditioned stimulus.
Spontaneous Recovery The reappearance, after a pause, of as extinguished conditioned response.
Generalization The tendency for stimuli similar to the conditioned stimulus to elicit similar responses.
Discrimination The learned ability to distinguish between a conditioned stimulus and similar stimuli that do not signal to an unconditioned stimulus.
Operant conditioning We learn to repeat acts that bring rewards and avoid acts that bring unwanted results.
Reinforcement gradual modification of synaptic properties that occurs during learning.
Positive Reinforcement Any stimulus that, when presented after a response, strengthens the response.
Negative Reinforcement Any stimulus that, when removed after a response, strengthens the response.
Primary Reinforcer Innately reinforcing stimuli such as those that satisfy a biological need.
Conditioned Reinforcer Stimuli that gain their reinforcing power through their learned association with a primary reinforcer.
Reinforcement Schedule Patterns that define how often a certain desired response will be reinforced.
Punishment An event that tends to decrease the behavior it follows. Behavior that is punished is less likely to occur again.
Created by: agfriesen
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