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Boards Study
Radiography Boards study
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Shows the lesser tubercle of the humerus in profile and directed anteriorly | inferosuperior axial projection (Lawrence method) |
| Beam Penetrability is affected by | kVp Filtration |
| Urography exam demonstrates the physiologic function of the urinary system | Intravenous urography Contrast into vein, travels through bloodstream where renal glomeruli filter it, then nephron function due to water absorption |
| Best control the production of scatter | Reducing field size |
| anaphylactic shock -- medication | epinephrine |
| Individual receibes an acute, high dose of radiation to forearm, correct order of effects | Erythema, epilation, esquamation |
| Order of fluor studies | VCUG, Barium enema, Upper GI No contrast first, Upper GI last |
| Collection of disc dribes that perform together as a single unit and improve reliability of data storage | redundant array of independent disks (RAID) |
| RAO upper GI rotation | 40-70 degrees |
| Base layer of flat-panel detector is made of | glass |
| Leakage radiation is | monoenergetic |
| Ferguson Method of lumbosacral junction | 30-35 cephalic |
| Patient rotation for contrast urography oblique | 30 degrees |
| Typical Grid ratios for fluoroscopic units | 6:1-10:1 |
| Total electrical charge generated by an x-ray beam per unit mass of air | Exposure |
| An increase in size of FOV would cause | decrease in spatial resolution increase in pixel size |
| Ratio of a pixels total size to its actual collection area | fill factor |
| What 2 positions place the patient in such a way that barium sulfate can be seen in the fundus of stomach | LPO and Supine |
| exposure measured in | C/kg |
| Air Kerma measured in | Gy |
| Quantity also refers to | intensity* |
| Decreasing anode angle results in | increased heel effect more x-rays get absorbed in the anode intensity decreases on anode side |
| Veins | Toward the heart |
| Artery | Away from the heart |
| Outer portion of kidney | Cortex |
| inner portion of kidney | Medulla |
| Functional part of the kidney | Nephron |
| How long are the Ureters | 27 cm |
| Wilm's Tumor | Malignant cancer of kidney in children |
| Centering IVU Supine KUB | Iliac Crest |
| Left Later decubitus Abdomen centering | 2 inches superior iliac crest |
| Centering AP Erect Abdomen | 2 inches superior iliac crest |
| Type of obliques for IVU | RPO and LPO |
| RPO IVU Degree and demonstrate | 30 Degrees Left Kidney Right Ureter Center at Iliac Crest |
| LPO IVU Degree and Demonstrate | 30 degrees Right kidney Left Ureter Center Iliac Crest |
| Centering IVU bladder | Supine, ASIS, perpendicular ray |
| Post Void IVU | Supine AP, Center at crest |
| Retrograde Urography (pyelography) Position | AP, RPO, LPO |
| Who performs Retrograde Urography | Urologist |
| Included on retrograde urography | Both kidneys and ureters |
| Centering Voiding Cystourethrogram | Pubic Symphysis (male and Female) |
| Projection female voiding cystourethrogram | AP |
| Position Male voiding cystourethrogram | 30 Degree RPO |
| Degree could be used for female voiding cystourethrogram | 5 Degree Caudal |
| Cystourethrogram vs. Cystogram | Cystourethrogram is voiding |
| Cystourethrogram purpose | Function of bladder, urethra REFLUX |
| RPO LPO rotation for Cystography | 45-60 degrees Posterolateral bladder UV junction |
| Centering for AP axial Cystography | 2-3 inches superior pubic symphysis |
| Beam angle AP axial Cystography | 5 degree caudal |
| Cystogram PA Centering | 1 inch distal cocyxx 10-15 degree cephalic |
| Lateral Cystogram centering | 2-3 inch above pubic symphysis Perpendicular |
| Spot images taken small bowel when contrast reaches | iliocecal valve |
| RAO esophageal rotation | 35-40 degrees |
| Oblique for esophagram | RAO places esophagus between vertebrae and heart |
| What does LAO esophagram show | esophagus between T spine and lungs RAO is best*** |
| Double walled serous membrane associated with abdomen | peritoneum |
| Largest solid organ | Liver |
| What quadrant is liver located | RUQ |
| What lies within the loop of the duodenum | Head of the pancreas |
| Structures of upper GI | mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestines |
| Indications for using double contrast for UGI | polyps, ulcers, carcinoma---- NO BLOCKAGE |
| Acute cholecystitis | Inflammation of gallbladder |
| Colon Cancer sign | applecore |
| Cholelithiasis | Gallstones |
| Crohn disease | chronic inflammation of the bowel |
| diverticulosis | pouch-like herniations through the wall of the colon |
| Esophageal varices | varicose veins at distal end of esophagus |
| gastritis | inflammation of the stomach |
| Hiatal hernia | Portion of the stomach protrudes through the diaphragm |
| ileus | intestinal obstruction immobility of bowel or mechanical obstruction |
| Intussusception | prolaps of one segment of bowel into anoother section of the bowel |
| IBS | irritable bowel syndrome Abnormal increase in small and large bowel motility |
| Large Bowel Obstruction | massive accumulation of gas proximal to obstruction or absence of gas distal to obstruction High risk for bowel perforation |
| Peptic ulcer disease | Loss of mucous membrane in a portion of the GI system, Craterlike appearance |
| Pyloric Stenosis | Narrowing of pyloric sphincter |
| Small bowel obstruction | Distended loops of bowel, filled with gas Bowel proximal to obstruction may be fluid filled |
| Ulcerative colitis | Severe inflammation of the colon and rectum-- ulceration |
| Volvulus | twisting of the bowel on itself, causing obstruction |
| Intensity of the x-ray beam expressed in units of | C/kg |
| How many facial bones are there | 14 |
| Benign Tumor filled with material such as hair and teeth | Dermoid Cyst |
| Stress images of the ankle may be ordered to evaluate which pathologic condition | Inversion/ eversion injury |
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rad123
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