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01- Introduction

Geology 101

QuestionAnswer
Geology Science that pursues an understanding of the planet Earth
Physical Geology Understanding the many processes above and below Earth's surface
Catastrophism Belief that Eath's landscapes were shaped primarily by great catastrophes
Uniformitarianism Belief that scientific laws operate today as they operated in the past
Scientific Method Techniques used to test and validate scientific ideas including observation, hypothesizing, experimentation, and analysis of data to form conclusions
Hypothesis Untested explanation based on observations
Theory Well-tested and widely accepted view that scientists agree best explains the observations
Density Physical property of matter defined as mass per unit of volume
Density Stratification Geologic layering based on mass and volume with 'heavier' layers below 'lighter' layers
Hydrosphere Dynamic mass of water constantly evaporating, precipitating, and eroding
Atmosphere Life-giving gaseous envelope containing Earth, which produces climate and weather
Biosphere All life on Earth, confined to a narrow band very near the Earth's surface
Geosphere Solid Earth, extending nearly 4000 miles, of which we usually only see the surface
Nebular Hypothesis Idea that the bodies of our solar system evolved from an enormous rotating cloud
Rock Cycle Geologic concept describing the changes among earthen materials
Igneous Rock type formed when magma or lava solidifies
Sedimentary Rock type formed when sediments are lithified
Metamorphic Rock type formed after exposure to high temperature or pressure
Created by: yesican4ever
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