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Where does the process of digestion begin?
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What is mastication?
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Chapter 5 & 6 Path
Chapter 5/6 pathology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Where does the process of digestion begin? | Mouth |
| What is mastication? | Chewing |
| Deglutition is defined as__________. | Swallowing |
| Where does the greatest amount of digestion occur? | Duodenum |
| Smooth muscle contractions that move the contents of the digestive system along the GI tract are called__________. | Peristalsis |
| Which of the following is an emulsifier that aids in the breakdown of fats during digestion? | Bile |
| The __________ is the largest gland in the body. | Liver |
| A pear-shaped organ that lies on the under surface of the liver is the __________. | Gallbladder |
| Acquired tracheoesophageal(TE) fistulas are commonly caused by __________. | Malignancy in the mediastinum |
| Failure of a satisfactory esophageal lumen to develop separate from the trachea is termed__________. | Tracheoesophageal fistula |
| What is the most common cause of acute esophagitis? | Gastroesophageal reflux |
| Difficulty swallowing is termed__________. | Dysphagia |
| Dilated veins in the walls of the esophagus are termed__________. | Varices |
| What is the most common abnormality found on upper GI exams? | Hiatal Hernia |
| What is the most common manifestation of peptic ulcer diseae? | Duodenal ulcer |
| A chronic inflammatory disorder of unknown cause that often affects the terminal ileum is called __________. | Crohn’s disease |
| Which of the following is a major cause of bowel obstruction in children? | Intussusception |
| What is intussusception? | The telescoping of one part of the intestinal tract into another |
| A condition of acquired herniation of mucosa and submucosa through muscular layers at points of weaknesses of the bowl wall is known as __________. | Diverticulosis |
| Which of the following technical adjustments are required when imaging a patient with known obstruction of the large bowel? | Decrease in kVp |
| A twisting of the bowel on itself that may lead to obstruction is termed__________. | Volvulus |
| Varicose veins of the lower end of the rectum that cause symptoms of pain, itching, and bleeding, are __________. | Hemorrhoids |
| What is the current imaging modality of choice for the gallbladder? | Ultrasound |
| In an average person, the nephrons filter about_____ L of water out of glomerular blood each day. | 190 |
| A miniature replica of a kidney is termed__________. | Hypoplastic kidney |
| A rare anomaly in which a kidney fails to develop is called __________. | Unilateral renal agenesis |
| What is an ectopic kidney? | A kidney that is not located in the normal location |
| What is the most common type of fusion anomaly? | Horeshoe kidney |
| When the kidneys are fused at their lower poles, they are termed a(n) __________. | Horeshoe kidney |
| Cystic dilatation of the distal ureter near its insertion into the urinary bladder is called a __________. | Ureterocele |
| What term is applied to a renal calculus that completely fills the renal pelvis? | Staghorn calculus |
| What is the cause of hydronephrosis? | Blockage above the level of the bladder |
| What is the most common abdominal neoplasm of infancy and childhood? | Wilm’s tumor |
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