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Psych test 2
Chapter: 15, 14, 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A(n) ________ is a sudden, permanent change in a sequence of DNA. | mutation |
| ________ refers to a person’s genetic makeup, while ________ refers to a person’s physical characteristics. | Genotype; phenotype |
| ________ is the field of study that focuses on genes and their expression. | Epigenetics |
| Humans have ________ pairs of chromosomes. | 23 |
| The ________ receive(s) incoming signals from other neurons. | dendrites |
| A(n) ________ facilitates or mimics the activity of a given neurotransmitter system. | agonist |
| Multiple sclerosis involves a breakdown of the ________ | myelin sheath |
| An action potential involves Na+ moving ________ the cell and K+ moving ________ the cell. | inside; outside |
| Our ability to make our legs move as we walk across the room is controlled by the ________ nervous system. | somatic |
| If your ________ is activated, you will feel relatively at ease. | parasympathetic nervous system |
| The central nervous system is comprised of ________. | brain and spinal cord |
| Sympathetic activation is associated with ________. | pupil dilation, increased heart rate |
| The ________ is a sensory relay station where all sensory information, except for smell, goes before being sent to other areas of the brain for further processing. | thalamus |
| Damage to the ________ disrupts one’s ability to comprehend language, but it leaves one’s ability to produce words intact. | Wernicke’s Area |
| A(n) ________ uses magnetic fields to create pictures of a given tissue. | MRI |
| Which of the following is not a structure of the forebrain? | amygdala |
| The two major hormones secreted from the pancreas are: | glucagon and insulin |
| The ________ secretes messenger hormones that direct the function of the rest of the endocrine glands. | pituitary |
| The ________ gland secretes epinephrine. | adrenal |
| The ________ secretes hormones that regulate the body’s fluid levels. | pituitary |
| Negative effects of stress are most likely to be experienced when an event is perceived as ________. | threatening, and no clear options for dealing with it are apparent |
| Between 2006 and 2009, the greatest increases in stress levels were found to occur among ________. | those aged 45–64 |
| At which stage of Selye’s general adaptation syndrome is a person especially vulnerable to illness? | exhaustion |
| During an encounter judged as stressful, cortisol is released by the ________. | adrenal glands |
| According to the Holmes and Rahe scale, which life event requires the greatest amount of readjustment? | death of spouse |
| While waiting to pay for his weekly groceries at the supermarket, Paul had to wait about 20 minutes in a long line at the checkout because only one cashier was on duty.etc. These events that Paul had to endure are best characterized as ________. | daily hassles |
| What is one of the major criticisms of the Social Readjustment Rating Scale? | It does not take into consideration how a person appraises an event. |
| Which of the following is not a dimension of job burnout? | hostility |
| The white blood cells that attack foreign invaders to the body are called ________. | lymphocytes |
| The risk of heart disease is especially high among individuals with ________. | depression |
| The most lethal dimension of Type A behavior pattern seems to be ________. | hostility |
| Which of the following statements pertaining to asthma is false? | Rates of asthma have decreased considerably since 2000. |
| Emotion-focused coping would likely be a better method than problem-focused coping for dealing with which of the following stressors? | terminal cancer |
| Studies of British civil servants have found that those in the lowest status jobs are much more likely to develop heart disease than those who have high status jobs. These findings attest to the importance of ________ in dealing with stress. | perceived control |
| The concept of learned helplessness was formulated by Seligman to explain the ________. | inability of dogs to attempt to escape avoidable shocks after having received inescapable shocks |
| Relative to those with low levels of social support, individuals with high levels of social support ________. | tend to tolerate stress well |
| . Which of the following is not one of the presumed components of happiness? | learning new skills |
| Researchers have identified a number of factors that are related to happiness. Which of the following is not one of them? | physical attractiveness |
| How does positive affect differ from optimism? | Positive affect involves feeling states, whereas optimism involves expectations. |
| When he’s writing, Carson becomes extremely focused on his work; in fact, he becomes so absorbed that that he often loses track of time, often staying up well past 3 a.m. Carson’s experience best illustrates the concept of ________. | flow |
| In the harmful dysfunction definition of psychological disorders, dysfunction involves ________. | the inability of a psychological mechanism to perform its function |
| Patterns of inner experience and behavior are thought to reflect the presence of a psychological disorder if they ________. | lead to significant distress and impairment in one’s life |
| The letters in the abbreviation DSM-5 stand for ________. | Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders |
| A study based on over 9,000 U. S. residents found that the most prevalent disorder was ________. | major depressive disorder |
| The diathesis-stress model presumes that psychopathology results from ________. | vulnerability and adverse experiences |
| Dr. Anastasia believes that major depressive disorder is caused by an over-secretion of cortisol. His vie | biological |
| In which of the following anxiety disorders is the person in a continuous state of excessive, pointless worry and apprehension? | generalized anxiety disorder |
| Which of the following would constitute a safety behavior? | avoiding eye contact |
| Which of the following best illustrates a compulsion? | mentally counting backward from 1,000 |
| Research indicates that the symptoms of OCD ________. | are related to hyperactivity in the orbitofrontal cortex |
| Symptoms of PTSD include all of the following except ________. | physical complaints that cannot be explained medically |
| Which of the following elevates the risk for developing PTSD? | severity of the trauma |
| Common symptoms of major depressive disorder include all of the following except ________. | periods of extreme elation and euphoria |
| Suicide rates are ________ among men than among women, and they are ________ during the winter holiday season than during the spring months. | higher; lower |
| Clifford falsely believes that the police have planted secret cameras in his home to monitor his every movement. Clifford’s belief is an example of ________. | a delusion |
| A study of adoptees whose biological mothers had schizophrenia found that the adoptees were most likely to develop schizophrenia ________. | if they were raised in a disturbed adoptive home environment |
| Dissociative amnesia involves ________. | memory loss following stress |
| Dissociative identity disorder mainly involves ________. | different personalities |
| Which of the following is not a primary characteristic of ADHD? | restricted and fixated interest |
| One of the primary characteristics of autism spectrum disorder is ________. | difficulty relating to others |
| . People with borderline personality disorder often ________. | are impulsive and unpredictable |
| Antisocial personality disorder is associated with ________. | emotional deficits |
Created by:
daphne_pal05
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