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PHT 301 Test 3

QuestionAnswer
Where are adrenal glands located? On the upper surface of each kidney
***What hormones do the adrenal glands secrete? Adrenal Cortex(Outer Layer)- Mineralcorticoids, GlucocorticoidsAdrenal Medulla(Inner Layer) NE and EPI
What are glucocorticoids? Know examples Hormone that regulates the metabolism of carbohydrates and proteins, especially during stress. Cortisol (HC)
What are mineralocorticoids? Know examples Hormone that regulates the electrolyte, or salt and fluid balance of the body.Ex. Florinef (Fludrocortisone), Aldosterone
Which steroids are OTC and which are prescription? Rx: Oral, Intermuscular, Intravenous, Topical OTC: Topical in low strength
What are the characteristics of steroids? Slow acting and long lasting, names usually end in -rone
What is Addison's Disease? A life-threatening deficiency of glucocorticoids and mineralcorticoids that is treated with the daily adminstration of corticosteroid
What is Cushing's Disease? Disease caused by overproduction of steroids or by excessive adminstration of corticosteroids over an extended period
What 3 factors cause the hypothalamus secrete ACTH(adrenocorticotropin)? Sleep wake cycle, Stress, Negative Feedback
What are side effects of anabolic steroid use? Edema & weight gain, Jaundice, Hepatic Cancer, High cholesterol and associated diabetes, High or low libido, chills, low glucose tolerance, high serum levels of LDLs and low levels of ADLs, high excration of creatine and creatnine
Name the male and female gonads Female: Ovaries Male: Testes
What do LH and FSH do? LH: Transform follicle into corpus luteum after ovulation and stimulates production of testoterone in males.FSH: Stimulates one follicle each month to develop and mature. Causes sperm production in males
Name some reproductive organs in women Ovaries(2), Fallopian Tubes(2), Uterus, Vagina
Name the 3 different estrogens. Which one is the most abundant? Estrone:During menopause (E1)Estradiol:Before menopause (E2, Most abundantEstroil:Helping hormone(E3)
What are the different female hormones responsible for? Estrogen: Responsible for secondary sec characteristics, Higher voice, breast development, curvaceous body shape, and less bulky muscle Progesterone: Maintaining the uterine lining if egg inplantaion occurs.Prolactin:Mammary glands producing milk
Oxytocin:Stimulates labor contractions
What is ovulation? When in a woman's cycle does she typically ovulate? For how long? Ovulation is the process in which the ovarian follicle rupturesa nd releases the egg.Typically women ovulate between 12-14 days before period. Ovulation takes 5 days
What are gonads? Reproductive Organs
What are gonads responsible for? Releasing hormones regulating the synthesis and release of various sex hormones
For menopausal women,which hormone is missing and requires replacement? Estradiol
***What are the risk associated with HRT? Women over age 35 who smoke, pregnant or suspect pregnancy, breastfeeding, enexplained vaginal bleeding, miagraine headaches, history of breast cancer, uterine cancers, gallstones
What drug is used in the treatment of breast cancer? What is the mechanism of action? Nolvadex (Tamoxifen) Binds to estrogen receptors producing estrogenic and anti-estrogenic effects
What is the generic for Plan B? Levonorgestrel tables
What is the life cycle of sperm? 70-75 days
What is BPH? Benign prstatic hyperplasia- enalargement of prostate glands
What are some causes of infertility? Female: Age, weight, endometeriosis, meds taken for long term, antibiotics, narcotics, asa, ibuprofen
What is the most common cause? PID- Pelvic infammatory disease
Know about STDs. Which are viral, which are bacterial? Viral: Herpes, HIV, HPV Bacterial:Gonorrhea, Chlamydia, Syphillis
What are the different types of contraceptive devices? male/female condoms, diaphragms, cervical caps, IUD's
What are sides effects of BCP's? Weight gain, mild headaches, breast tenderness, nausea/vomiting,hypertension, decrease od libido, vaginitis, vaginal skin irritation/discharge
Created by: amandakendall
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