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Urinary - Nervous
Vocabulary from Urinary to Nervous System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| adrenal gland | Gland just above the kidney that releases hormaones such as epinephrine (adrenaline), norepinephrine, aldosterone, etc. |
| aldosterone | Hormone screted by the adrenal gland that works primarily in the distal convoluted tubule (DCT) of the kidney to increase sodium and water reabsorption thus increasing blood pressure. |
| angiotensin I | Substance released from the liver which is converted to angiotensin II by ACE. |
| angiotensin II | Potent vasoconstrictor formed from angiotensin that works by directly constricting arteries and activating aldosterone. |
| angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) | Enzyme produced in the lungs which converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II. |
| antidiuretic hormone (ADH) | Hormone released by the posterior pituitary that works in the collecting ducts of the kidney to reabsorb water. |
| Glomerulus | A collection of capillaries located at the beginning of the nephron responsible for filtration of waste from the blood to form urine. |
| nephron | The functional unit of the kidney consisting of the glomerulus, convuluted tubules, loop of Henle, and collecting ducts. |
| renin | Enzyme released in response to a decrease in blood pressure that stimulates the liver to produce angiotensin I. |
| renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) | System that acts primarily on the kidney and is responsible for increasing blood pressure. |
| Loop diuretics | Decrease blood pressure working in the Loop of Henle to decrease blood volume. |
| Thiazide diuretics | Work in the DCT to decrease blood pressure by decreasing blood volume. |
| Postassium-sparing diuretics | Also known as aldosterone antagonists. Antagonize aldosterone to decrease blood pressure. |
| Barbituate | A medication class which depresses the CNS, resulting in calmness or sleep. |
| cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) | A clear, watery fluid produced by the brain that helps cushion the brain and the spinal cord from injury. |
| dopamine (DA) | A hormonal neurotransmitter released by the brain involved in various functions such as attention, memory/learning, emotional arousal, and rewarding sensations. |
| neuron | A specialized impulse-conducting cell that is the functional unit of the nervous system which forms nerves. |
| norepinephrine (NE) | A hormonal neurotransmitter released by neurons in the brain and the periphery that is involved in various functions such as heartbeat, arousal, learning, memory, and appetite. |
| serotonin (5-HT) | A hormonal neurotransmitter released by the brain involved in various functions such as mood, pain perception, sleep, appetite, and maintaining normal body temperature and hormonal state. |
| monoamine oxidase | Found in the synapse and is responsible for inactivating monoamines such as dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin. |
| Alpha 2 antagonist | Medication that treats depression by making the brain perceive that not enough norepinephrine and serotonin have been released. |
Created by:
gregtaylor1974
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