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Endocrine 1

Generic BrandPharmacologic CategoryCommon Indications ClassificationEssential Knowledge
metformin (PO) Fortamet, Glumetza Biguanide Type 2 DM, PCOS Key Side Effects: diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, vitamin B12 deficiency. US Boxed Warnings: lactic acidosis
sitagliptin (PO) Januvia, Zituvio Dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP-4) inhibitor Type 2 DM Key Side Effects: nasopharyngitis
empagliflozin (PO) Jardiance Sodium-glucose cotransporter inhibitor 2 (SGLT2 inhibitor) Type 2 DM, HF, CKD Key Side Effects: genital mycotic infections, UTI
glimepiride (PO) Amaryl Sulfonylurea Type 2 DM Key Side Effects: hypoglycemia, weight gain
glipizide (PO) Glucotrol, Glucotrol XL Sulfonylurea Type 2 DM Key Side Effects: hypoglycemia, weight gain
pioglitazone (PO) Actos Thiazolidinedione (TZD) Type 2 DM Key Side Effects: peripheral edema, weight gain, upper respiratory tract infection; increased risk of fractures and bladder cancer. US Boxed Warnings: may exacerbate congestive heart failure and CI in NYHA Class 3 and IV.
liraglutide (SQ) Victoza, Saxenda Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist Type 2 DM, chronic weight management Key Side Effects: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, pancreatitis. US boxed Warnings: may increase risk of thyroid c-cell tumor, CI in personal or family history of medullary thyroid cancer.
insulin glargine (SQ) Lantus, Toujeo, Basaglar Insulin, long acting Type 1 DM, type 2 DM Key Side Effects: hypoglycemia, weight gain
insulin NPH (SQ) Humulin N, Novolin N Insulin, intermediate acting Type 1 DM, type 2 DM OTC Key Side Effects: hypoglycemia, weight gain
insulin aspart (SQ) Novolog Insulin, rapid acting Type 1 DM, type 2 DM Key Side Effects: hypoglycemia, weight gain
insulin lispro (SQ) Humalog Insulin, rapid acting Type 1 DM, type 2 DM Key Side Effects: hypoglycemia, weight gain
insulin regular (SQ, IV) Humulin R, Novolin R Insulin, short-acting Type 1 DM, type 2 DM, DKA SQ: OTC Key Side Effects: hypoglycemia, weight gain
dapagliflozin (PO) Farxiga Sodium-glucose cotransporter inhibitor 2 (SGLT2 inhibitor) Type 2 DM, HF, CKD Key Side Effects: genital mycotic infections, UTI
dulaglutide (SQ) Trulicity Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist Type 2 DM Key Side Effects: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, pancreatitis. US Boxed Warnings: may increase risk of thyroid c-cell tumor.
semaglutide (PO, SQ) SQ: Ozempic, Wegovy PO: Rybelsus Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist Type 2 DM, chronic weight management Key Side Effects: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, pancreatitis. US boxed Warnings: may increase risk of thyroid c-cell tumor, CI in personal or family history of medullary thyroid cancer.
tirzepatide (SQ) Mounjaro, Zepbound Dual GLP-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) agonist Type 2 DM, chronic weight management Key Side Effects: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, increased heart rate, pancreatitis. US Boxed Warnings: may increase risk of thyroid c-cell tumor.
Created by: Kateloki
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