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mass and motion
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| speed | The measure of distance traveled per unit of time; how fast something is moving; distance divided by time |
| velocity | Speed in a given direction |
| displacement | The change in position from an object’s original location |
| distance | The amount of ground an object has covered during its motion |
| acceleration | The rate of change in an object’s velocity or speed |
| deceleration | Slowing down; negative acceleration |
| Flat line on distance and time graph | stopped |
| Straight line | steady |
| Zero on distance and time graph | Starting position |
| Flat line on velocity and time graph | Steady speed |
| Zero on velocity and time graph | stopped |
| 3 ways velocity can change | If speed changes, if direction changes, if speed and direction both change |
| Positive acceleration | Increase in velocity |
| Constant velocity | No change in velocity; zero acceleration |
| How is acceleration affected when mass increases? | Acceleration decreases. |
| Formula for force | Mass x acceleration |
| Force is measured in ... | Newtons (N) |
| Net force | Sum of all forces acting on an object |
| Balanced forces | Equal forces that act on an object in opposite directions; do not cause a change in motion; no net force |
| Unbalanced forces | Unequal forces that act on an object; cause a change in motion; create a net force not equal to zero |
| Newton’s First Law of Motion | A body in motion is likely to stay in motion and a body at rest will stay at rest unless an unbalanced force acts upon it; also called Law of Inertia |
| friction | Unbalanced force that can act upon an object and eventually cause it to stop |
| inertia | A tendency to do nothing or stay the same; an object’s motion will stay constant; does not depend on gravity |
| Newton’s Second Law of Motion | When a net force acts on an object, the object will accelerate in the direction of this net force |
| Air resistance | Force of air that pushes against an object through the air; a type of fluid friction |
| Terminal velocity | Highest velocity that is reached because the force of the air pushing up on the object is equal to the force of gravity pushing down on the object |
| Newton’s Third Law of Motion | For every force or action, there is an equal and opposite reaction |
Created by:
Eric1776
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