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srasharp1finalgram

Sra.Sharp Spanish 1 final grammar

Question	Answer
my name is	me llamo
your name is	te llamas
her/his name is	se llama
our name is	nos llamamos
What is your name? (familiar)	¿Cómo te llamas?
What is your name? (formal)	¿Cómo se llama usted?
I would like to introduce you to ...(familiar)	Te presento a...
I would like to introduce you to...(formal)	Le presento a...
Appropriate response to "Mucho gusto."	El gusto es mío.
Appropriate response to "Encantado/a."	Igualmente.
Good bye.	Adiós.
Bye.	Chau.
See you later.	Nos vemos. Hasta la vista. Hasta luego.
See you soon.	Hasta pronto.
How old are you? (familiar)	¿Cuántos años tienes?
How old are you? (formal)	¿Cuántos años tiene usted?
How do we tell age?	form of TENER + number + añosej. Tengo treinta y cinco años.
How do we make yes/no questions? (3 ways)	1. Just add question marks.2. Invert the sentence, putting the verb first.3. Add a tag (¿no? ¿sí? ¿verdad?
How do I make a question to get information?	Use question words.
Who	¿Quién/es?
What	¿Qué? / ¿Cuál/es?
When	¿Cuándo?
Where	¿Dónde?
How	¿Cómo?
Why?	¿Por qué?
Whose?	¿De quién/es?
With whom?	¿Con quién/es?
To where?	¿Adónde?
From where?	¿De dónde?
Which?	¿Cuál/es?
If a question is is yo form	I answer in the tú form
If a question is in the tú form	I answer in the yo form
if a question is in the él or ella form	I answer in the él or ella form
If a question is in the usted form	I answer in the yo form
If a question is in the nosotros/as form	I answer in the ustedes form or in the nosotros/as for if I am including myself in the answer
If a question is in the ellos/ellas form	I answer in the ellos or ellas form
If a question is in the ustedes form	I answer in the nosotros form
How many ... are there?	¿Cuánto/a/os/as _____ hay?
There are/ there is	hay
There are no ____.	No hay ____.
There is one. (masculine)	Hay un.
There is one. (feminine)	Hay una.
1	uno
2	dos
3	tres
4	cuatro
5	cinco
6	seis
7	siete
8	ocho
9	nueve
10	diez
11	once
12	doce
13	trece
14	catorce
15	quince
16	dieciséis
17	diecisiete
18	dieciocho
19	diecinueve
20	veinte
21	veintiuno
22	veintidós
23	veintitrés
24	veinticuatro
25	veinticinco
26	veintiséis
27	veintisiete
28	veintiocho
29	veintinueve
30	treinta
31	treinta y uno
33	treinta y tres
40	cuarenta
50	cincuenta
60	sesenta
70	setenta
80	ochenta
90	noventa
100	cien(ciento if we are adding more numbers after it)
101	ciento uno
200	doscientos/as
300	trescientos/as
400	cuatrocientos/as
500	quinientos/as
600	seiscientos/as
700	setecientos/as
800	ochocientos/as
900	novecientos/as
1000	mil(will not be made plural in large numbers)
1.000.000	millón(made plural in larger numbers = milliones)
How are phone numbers expressed?	By pairing the numbers. Any odd numbers begin the sequence.
How do you say this phone number in Spanish?5-55-12-34	cinco, cincuenta y cinco, doce, treinta y cuatro
3-45-06-50	tres, cuarenta y cinco, cero, seis, cincuenta
What does a period (.) in a number mean?	It means the same as a comma in English.ej. English 12,345 = 12.234 in Spanish
What happens when you are counting something in the hundreds and it is masculine?	The hundreds place has a masculine ending.ej. doscientos hombres = 200 men
What happens when you are counting something in the hundreds and it is feminine?	The hundreds place has a feminine ending.ej. doscientas mujeres = 200 women
What happens when a number ends in one and you are counting something feminine?	The number one becomes una.ej: 21 women = veintiuna mujeres 31 purses = treinta y una bolsas
What happens when a number ends in one and you are counting something masculine?	The number one becomes un.ej. 21 men = veintiún hombres 31 cars = treinta y un carros
What happens to the thousands place when it is plural in a large number?	It remains the word "mil."
Express in writing:12.345.678	doce millones, trescientos cuarenta y cinco mil, seiscientos setenta y ocho
"One hundred and one" is a grammar error. Why?	We do not use "and" to express the concept of one in addition to one hundred. This would be wrong in Spanish too. The correct way to say it in Spanish is "ciento uno."
What time is it?	¿Qué hora es?
At what time is..?	¿A qué hora?
Appropriate answers for "¿Qué hora es?"	Es la una (y/menos) _______ de la (mañana, tarde, noche.)Son las _____ (y/menos) _____ de la (mañana/tarde/noche.)
Appropriate answers for "¿A qué hora?	...a la una (y/menos) ____ de la (mañana/tarde/noche.)...a las ____ (y/menos) _____ de la (mañana/ tarde/ noche.)
What happens if the minutes are past the half-hour? (:31 - :59)	Add an hour and subtract the minutes. (menos)
What happens if the minutes are NOT past the half-hour mark? (:01-:30)	Use the current hour and add the minutes. (y)
:15	y cuarto
:45	menos cuarto
:30	y media
on the dot	en punto
midnight	la medianoche
noon	el mediodía
present tense forms of ser	soy, eres, es, somos, son
When do I use SER?	DOCTORdescription, occupation, characteristics, time, origin, relationships
present tense of estar	estoy, estás, está, estamos, están
When do I use ESTAR?	PLACEposition, location, action, condition, emotion
What does LONER have to do with masculine nouns?	If a word ends in L, O, N, E, or R it is USUALLY masculine.
What does DiónZA have to do with feminine nouns?	If a word ends in D, -ión, Z or A it is USUALLY feminine.
¿Cómo es/son?	How is/are? (description)
¿Cómo estás/ estás?	How are you ? (condition, emotion)
tall	alto/a
unpleasant	antipático/a
short	bajo/a
pretty	bonito/a
good	bueno/a
thin	delgado/a
hard, difficult	difícil
easy	fácil
ugly	feo/a
fat	gordo/a
big, large	grande
handsome	guapo/a
important	importante
intelligent	inteligente
interesting	interestante
young	joven
bad	malo/a
same	mismo/a
brunette	moreno/a
much, many, a lot of	mucho/a
red-haired	pelirrojo/a
small	pequeño/a
blonde	rubio/a
nice, likeable	simpático/a
silly, foolish	tonto/a
hard-working	trabajador/a
old	viejo/a
Where do we usually place adjectives?	After the noun they describe.
Where can we place bueno/a and malo/a?	Before or after.
What happens to bueno/a when placed before a masculine singular noun?	It becomes buen or mal.
Where can we place grande?	Before or after.
What does it mean to place grande before a noun?	great
What happens to grande when placed before a singular noun?	gran
What does grande mean when placed after a noun?	big
A mí me gusta/n	I like...
A ti te gusta/n	you like...
A él/ella le gusta/n	he/she likes...
A nosotros nos gusta/n	we like...
A Ud. le gusta/n	You like...(formal)
A Uds. les gusta/n	You like...(plural)
When will we use the ending gusta?	singular nouns and infinitives
When will we use the gustan?	plural nouns and activites
What must I place before a name when using the verb gustar?	Aej. A Elena le gusta el café.
How do you express "to go"?	IR
How do you express "to go to a place"?	Ir a + place
How do you express "to be going to do something"?	Ir a + infinitive
present tense of IR	voy, vas, va, vamos, van
a + el = ?	al
de + el = ?	del
Regular -AR verb endings	o,as,a,amos, an
Regular -ER verb endings	o, es, e, emos, en
Regular -IR verb endings	o,es,e,imos, en
baseball	el béisbol
cycling	el ciclismo
(water) skiing	el esquí (acuático)
football	el fútbol americano
golf	el golf
hockey	el hockey
swimming	la natación
tennis	el tenis
volleyball	el vóleibol
team	el equipo
park	el parque
game, match	el partido
city or town square	la plaza
to skateboard	andar en patineta
to scuba dive	bucear
to climb mountains	escalar montañas
to ski	esquiar
to win	ganar
to go on a hike	ir de excursión
to play sports	practicar deportes
to write a letter, an email	escribir una carta, un mensaje electrónico
to read email	leer correo electrónico
to read a magazine	leer una revista
sports-related	deportivo
newspaper	el periódico
ball	la pelota
player	el/la jugador/a
to ride a bike	pasear en bicicleta
to visit a monument	visitar el monumento
to walk	caminar, pasear
to sunbathe	tomar el sol
to inline skate	patinar en línea
to swim	nadar
pool	la piscina
basketball	el baloncesto
theatre	el cine
museum	el museo
the cafe	café
gym	el gimnasio
restaurant	el restaurante
To have	tener
present tense forms of tener	tengo, tienes, tiene, tenemos, tienen
to have to (do something)	tener que + infinitive (ej. Tengo que estudiar.)
to be ...years old	tener ...años
to be (very) hot	tener (mucho) calor
to be (very) careful	tener (mucho) cuidado
to be (very) cold	tener (mucho) frío
to be (very) hungry	tener (mucha) hambre
to be (very ) afraid/ scared (of)	tener (mucho) miedo (de)
to be in a (big) hurry	tener (mucha) prisa
to be right	tener razón
to be (very) thirsty	tener (mucha) sed
te be (very) sleepy	tener (mucho) sueño
to be (very) lucky	tener (mucha) suerte
to begin	empezar: empiezo, empiezas, empieza, empezamos, empiezan
Why do they call stem-changing verbs "boot verbs"?	They change in all forms but nosotros/as and vosotros/as. If you draw a line around the verbs in the paradigm that DO change, it forms a boot.
to return	volver: vuelvo, vuelves, vuelve, volvemos, vuelven
to close	cerrar: cierro, cierras, cierra, cerramos, cierran
to begin (begins with C)	comenzar (a + inf.):comienzo, comienzas, comienza, comenzamos, comienzan
to understand	entender: entiendo, entiendes, entiende, entendemos, entienden
to think	pensar: pienso, piensas, piensa, pensamos, piensan
to lose, to miss	perder: pierdo, pierdes, pierde, perdemos, pierden
to prefer	preferir (+ inf.): prefiero, prefieres, prefiere, preferimos, prefieren
to want, to love	querer (+inf.): quiero, quieres, quiere, queremos, quieren
to have lunch	almorzar: almuerzo, almuerzas, almuerza, almorzamos, almuerzan
to count, to tell	contar: cuento, cuentas, cuenta, contamos, cuentan
to sleep	dormir: duermo, duermes, duerme, dormimos, duermen
to find	encontrar: encuentro, encuentras, encuentra, encontramos, encuentran
to show	mostrar: muestro, muestras,muestra, mostramos, muestran
to be able to, can	poder (+inf.): puedo, puedes, puede, podemos, pueden
to remember	recordar: recuerdo, recuerdas, recuerda, recordamos, recuerdan
to return	volver: vuelvo, vuelves, vuelve, volvemos, vuelven
to ask, to order	pedir: pido, pides, pide, pedimos, piden
to get, to obtain	conseguir: consigo, consigues, consigue, conseguimos, consiguen
to say, to tell	decir: digo, dices, dice, decimos, dicen
to repeat	repetir: repito, repites, repite, repetimos, repiten
to follow, to continue, to keep (doing something)	seguir: sigo, sigues, sigue, seguimos, siguen
to do, to make	hacer: hago, haces, hace, hacemos, hacen
to put, to place	poner: pongo, pones, pone, ponemos, ponen
to leave	salir: salgo, sales, sale, salimos, salen
to suppose	suponer: supongo, supones, supone, suponemos, suponen
to bring	traer: traigo, traes, trae, traemos, traen
to see	ver: veo, ves, ve, vemos, ven
to hear	oír: oigo, oyes, oye, oímos, oyen

Created by: profesorasharp

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