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Pharmacology test 2

Anesthesia

TermDefinition
Local anesthetics suppresses pain signals regionally without causing general CNS depression loss of pain without loss of conscienceless
Chloroprocaine, Lidocaine Suppress pain by blocking sodium channels which blocks neuronal conduction
Chloroprocaine, Lidocaine adverse effects cardiovascular- monitor HR and BP bradycardia, heart block, reduced contractile force, cardiac arrest, and hypotension CNS excitation followed by depression
Chloroprocaine(injection only) benzocaine(topical only) greatest risk for allergic reactions(ester group)
Benzocaine risk for methemoglobinemia avoid in children less than 2 years
Lidocaine do no apply to large areas do not apply on broken skin or do not apply with heat causes urinary retention
Isoflurane, desflurane, sevoflurane, nitrous oxide Inhaled Anesthetics depress excitation enhance inhibition
Isoflurane, desflurane, sevoflurane, nitrous oxide Adverse effects respiratory and cardiac depression malignant hyperthermia aspiration of gastric contents
Isoflurane, desflurane, sevoflurane, nitrous oxide Drug interactions Opioids and cns depressants increase effects of anesthesia Amphhetamines and cocaine decrease effects of anesthesia
intravenous Anesthesia Propofol, ketamine
Propofol Most widely used rapid acting 60 seconds to unconsciousness 3-5 minute duration no anesthesia hangover no analgesia
Propofol adverse effects respiratory depression hypotension risk of bacterial infection (discard vial after 6 hrs) risk of abuse pain at site of admin
Ketamine dissociative anesthesia sedation, immobility, analgesia, and amnesia drug of choice for pts w bronchospasms
ketamine adverse effects Hallucinations, disturbing dreams, delirium keep pts in a soothing, stimulus free environment
Created by: gabby025
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