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CI 152
Instruction
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Other than the student’s ability, what are classroom variables associated with achievement? | time on task, positive reinforcement, cues/feedback, cooperative learning, academic&relaxed atmosphere, higher order questions, advanced organizers |
What is the ideal instructional setting and is it possible to duplicate that setting for all students? | Bloom and the "2 Sigma Problem" (how much do individual variables matter?) |
Has the highest effect size at 2.0: | tutorial instruction |
Has the lowest effect size at .2: | peer group influence and socio-economic status (2.5) |
Direct Instruction: | Rosenshine |
Mastery Learning: | Bloom |
Cooperative Learning: | Johnson&Johnson |
To provide an increase of structure: | Direct Instruction |
Steps in Direct Instruction: | review&check previous day's work, present new material, provide guided practice, feedback/correctives, independent practice, comprehensive weekly/monthly review |
What theory says that the only variable that matters is time to learn? | Mastery Learning |
Mastery learning: If time is controlled, | then achievement varies |
Mastery Learning: If time is allowed to vary, | achievement can be constant |
Cooperative v. competition; small group v. peer tutoring; collective and individual responsibility: | Cooperative Learning |