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Mod 1 PSY

PSY exam 1

TermDefinition
Labeling Behavior The problem is creating a "thing" from the label "intelligence"
Reification Taking an adjective and turning it into a noun
Reified Constructs terms that are constructed by turning descriptions into "things"
Explaining by Naming Observing someons behavior, labeling it, saying the person possesses behavior (reification), “This person shows intelligent behavior because they posess great intelligence”, using the reified construct to explain the behavior
Circular reasoning/logic: Treating it as something that exists than using it to cause the behavior
Circular arugment: - Explaining by naming involved a tautology - Someone is intelligent > they posses intelligence > because they have intelligence > because they show intelligent behavior
Pseudo explanation: - It isn’t actually explain the why for behavior - Problems: o We act is if its our invention (reified constructs) o We think it is an actual explanation, we stop searching o We do not observe the actual behavior Same as explaining by naming
Organism-based explanation: Invents something, putting it inside the organism then using the “thing” inside the organism to explain the behavior
Controlling variables: Environment-based explanations 1. Genetic endowment 2. Our past experiences 3. The current environmental conditions
Genetic Endowment: Our genetic makeup Genotype: evolutionary history of our ancestors
Natural selection: Darwin traits that are selected for will increase survival and be passed onto many generations
1. Variation traits “phenotypes” a. Phenotypes: observable physical and behavioral characteristics
Differential survival/reproduction different variations will increase the likely hood of survival
3. Transmittion/Retention (inherited a. Genotypes that are transmitted across generations via reproduction b. Phenotypes associated with higher rates of reproduction are retained to a greater degree across generations
Stimuli something that triggers a response
Phylogenetic behavior Those abilities and behaviors that are typical of the species
Created by: maddy_z101
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