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Mid term review
Bony Thorax, Cervical and Thoracic spine
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Positioning Landmarks: Vertebra prominens | C7 - T1 |
| Positioning Landmarks: Supersternal notch (jugular notch) | T3 |
| Positioning Landmarks: Sternal angle | T4-T5 |
| Positioning Landmarks: Mid Thoracic | T7 |
| Positioning Landmarks: Xiphoid tip (insiform) | T9 - T10 |
| Positioning Landmarks: Lower costal margin | L2-L3 |
| Positioning Landmarks: Iliac crest | L4-L5 |
| Positioning Landmarks: A.S.I.S | S1-S2 |
| Positioning Landmarks: Symphysis pubis | Mid coccyx |
| Positioning Landmarks: Mastoid tip | C1 |
| Positioning Landmarks: Gonion | C3 |
| Positioning Landmarks: Thyroid cartilage | C4-C5 |
| Line used to insure that eyes are parallel to IR | Inter-pupilary line |
| Whole in ear that is used as a general landmark for the skull | External acoustic meatus |
| Four classification of bones | Long, short, flat and irregular |
| Occurs rapidly and takes place in bones that are needed for protection | Intramembranous ossification |
| occurs much slower and in most parts of the skeleton, especially in the long bones | Endochondral ossification |
| The first center of ossification and occurs in the midbody area | Primary center, diaphysis |
| ossification that appears near the end of the limbs of long bones | secondary centers, epiphysis |
| Classification of joints: function | Synarthrosis, amphiarthrosis and diarthrosis |
| Classification of joints: Structural | Fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial |
| lack a joint cavity, and the articulating bones are held together tightly by cartilage | Cartilaginous joints (intervertebral joints) |
| Freely movable joints, and characterized by a fibrous capsule that contains synovial fluid | Synovial joints (Zygapophyseal) |
| Immovable joint | Synarthrosis (First sternocostal joint) |
| Joint with limited movement | Amphiarthrosis (Intervertebral joints) |
| Free movable joint | Diarthrosis (Zygapophyseal) |
| A reference position that defines specific surfaces and planes of the body | Anatomic position |
| Positioning term that describes the direction or path of the CR of the x-ray beam | Projection |
| horizontal plane is formed by the biting surfaces of the upper and lower teeth with jaws closed | Occlusal plane |
| A recumbent position with the body tilted with the head lower than the feet | Trendelenburg |
| A recumbent position with the body tilted with the head higher that the feet | Fowler's |
| An abnormal or exaggerated lateral curvature | Scoliosis |
| Normal compensatory concave curvature of cervical and lumbar spine | lordosis |
| Abnormal exaggerated thoracic "humpback" curvature with increased convexity | Kyphosis |
| The main function of the bony thorax | To serve as a expandable, bellowslike chamber |
| The only bony connection between each shoulder girdle and the bony thorax | Sternoclavicular joint |
| At what ribs is the rib cage the widest | 8th and 9th ribs |
| Lateral to the neck is an elevated ____ that articulates with the transverse process of a vertebra | tubercle |
| What the patient feels | Symptons |
| taking place or originating in a hospital | nosocomial |
| resulting from the activity of physicians | iatrogenic |
| Any disease that is of uncertain or unknown origin | idiopathic |
| swelling that is caused by fluid trapped in your body's tissues, but doesn't need inflammation | Edema |
| Depriving the organs cells and tissues of oxygen and nutrients | Ischemia |
| localized necrosis resulting from obstruction of the blood supply | Infarct |
| Blood trapped within tissue (blood tumor) | hematoma |
| the act of coughing up blood | Hemoptysis |
| Offers its members inspections and accreditation of the quality of operations | JCAHO (joint commission of Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations) |
| Statement of an organization that summarizes its intent to provide service | Mission statement |
| Areas of common fracture in the bony thorax | Ribs,sternum and Flail chest |
| Fracture of adjacent ribs in two or more places is caused by blunt trauma | Flail chest |
| Congenital anomalies in the bony thorax | Pectus carinatum and pectus excavatum |
| anterior protrusion of the lower sternum and xiphoid process (pigeon breast) | Pectus carinatum |
| characterized by a depressed sternum (funnel chest) | Pectus excavatum |
| Common sites of metastatic lesions in the bony thorax | Osteolytic, osteoblastic, combo osteolytic and ostoblastic |
| Destructive lesions with irregular margins | Osteolytic |
| Proliferative bony lesions of increased density | Osteoblastic |
| localized or generalized infection of bone and marrow can be associated with postoperative complications of open heart surgery | Osteomyelitis |
Created by:
Joker71
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