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2nd semester words
Energy, Matter unit
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Induction | Creating a charged region or area |
Polarity | Having areas of distinct charge |
Matter | Has mass and volume |
Volume | Amount of space |
Liter | The SI unit for volume |
Element | Can be reduced to a single atom without losing its properties |
A.M.U | Atomic mass unit |
Neutron | neutral subatomic particle |
Nucleon | a nuclear particle in the (in the nucleus) |
Atomic number | the number of protons in an atom |
Atom | The smallest unit of an element |
Isotope | a version of an atom with a specific mass |
Group/Family/Column | a vertical arrangement of elements |
Row/Period | a horizontal arrangement of elements |
Pure substance | Has a fixed composition |
Mixture | 2 or more substances physically combined |
Compound | 2 or more elements chemically combined |
Homogenous mixture | Uniform throghout |
Heterogeneous mixture | Non-uniform throughout |
Valence electrons | Highest energy level electrons (outer “shell” electrons) |
Ion | a charged particle |
Cation | positively charged particle |
Anion | negatively charged particle |
Ionization | process of gaining or losing electrons |
Ionic compound | a neutral compound made of cations and anions |
Ionic bond | made between ions of opposite charges |
Covalent bond | made between atoms sharing electrons |
Octet rule | an atom with 8 valence electrons is stable* (unless it’s in row 1) |
Molecular Compound | compound formed by sharing electrons |
Diatomic Molecule | molecules of 2 identical atoms |