click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Physical Science
Vocabulary Set TWO
Term | Definition |
---|---|
substance | a type of matter that is always made of the same material(s) |
element | a substance in which all the atoms are the same |
compound | a substance with two or more elements that are combined in a fixed proportion |
molecule | a particle that consists of two or more atoms bonded together |
mixture | a material made up of two or more substances that can be separated physically |
heterogeneous mixture | a mixture in which different materials can be identified easily |
homogeneous mixture | a mixture that contains two or more substances blended evenly throughout |
solution | a homogeneous mixture of particles so small that they cannot be seen with a microscope and that will never settle to the bottom of their container; the result of a combination of solutes and solvents |
colloid | a type of mixture with particles that are larger than those in solutions, but not heavy enough to settle to the bottom of their container |
tyndall effect | the scattering of light by particles in a colloid |
suspension | a heterogeneous mixture containing a liquid in which you can see particles settle |
concentration | measurement of how much solute exists within a certain volume of solvent |
solid.to.solvent | as temperature increases, solubility increases |
gas.to.solvent | as temperature increases, solubility decreases |
unsaturated.solution | contains less solute than a saturated solution, more solute can dissolve; on a graph, the point will be below the line |
saturated.solution | the most concentrated solution with all solute dissolved at a given temperature; on a graph, the point will be on the line |
supersaturated.solution | contains more dissolved solute than a saturated solution at the same temperature; solute settles out; on a graph, the point will be above the line |
x-axis on solubility curve | temperature (degrees celcius) |
y-axis on solubility curve | grams per solute per 100 grams of water |
solubility | the measure of how much solute can dissolve in a given solvent at a given temperature |
solute | substance being dissolved |
solvent | substance in which a solute dissolves; water is the universal |
soluble | the ability to dissolve |
altitude | distance above sea level |
boil | to change state from a liquid to a gas as a result of vaporization |
boiling point | the temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a gas; 100 degrees celcius |
freeze | to change from a liquid to a solid state as a result of cooling |
freezing point | the temperature at which a liquid changes to a solid; 0 degrees celcius |
gas | a state of matter with no definite shape or volume |
liquid | a state of matter that has no definite shape but has a definite volume |
melt | to change state from a solid to a liquid state as a result of warming |
melting point | the temperature at which a substance changes from a solid to a liquid; 0 degrees celcius |
phases of matter | solid, liquid, gas, plasma |
solid | a state of matter that has a definite shape and a definite volume |
condensation | to change state from a gas to a liquid as a result of cooling or compression |
condensation point | the temperature at which a substance changes from a gas to a liquid; 100 degrees celcius |