Question 1

Accommodation:

Accepted Answer

The automatic adjustment of the lens in the eye to improve the clarity during distance changes.

Question 2

Agonist:

Accepted Answer

Stimulating or increasing the effect of a process; an inducer.

Question 3

Alpha agonists:

Accepted Answer

Topical medications that increase the excretion of water from the eye to reduce IOP.

Question 4

Antagonist:

Accepted Answer

Inhibiting or decreasing the effect of a process' an inhibitor.

Question 5

Beta blockers:

Accepted Answer

Topical medications that inhibit the ciliary epithelium, which is responsible for excreting water near the iris and optic nerve , to reduce IOP.

Question 6

Bioavailability:

Accepted Answer

Measure of how much a medication  actually gets into the blood to be distributed into the body.

Question 7

Bradycardia:

Accepted Answer

Slow heart rate (usually 60 beats per minute).

Question 8

Cytochrome P450 enzymes:

Accepted Answer

A large group of enzymes responsible responsible for the metabolism o many medications.

Question 9

Distribution:

Accepted Answer

Process by which the body moves medication from the bloodstream to tissues or organs to exert its effect.

Question 10

Diuretics

Accepted Answer

Medications that decrease the amount of water secreted into the eye by inhibiting carbonic anhydrase in the eye.

Question 11

Drug-disease interactions:

Accepted Answer

When medications are harmful due to a medical condition.

Question 12

Drug-food interactions:

Accepted Answer

When medications are affected by a patient's consumption of certain foods or drinks.

Question 13

Drug-to-drug interactions:

Accepted Answer

When two medications are mixed together to create an effect.

Question 14

Excretion:

Accepted Answer

The process of expelling waste from the body by urination or defecation.

Question 15

Glaucoma:

Accepted Answer

A condition in which too much water around the retina and optic nerve increases the IOP.

Question 16

Metabolize:

Accepted Answer

The breaking down of medications into a from that can be used by the body.

Question 17

Mydriasis:

Accepted Answer

A condition in which constrictor muscles of the eye relax, so the pupils dilate far vision; farsightedness.

Question 18

Pharmacodynamics:

Accepted Answer

The study of what medications do to the body.

Question 19

Pharmacokinetics:

Accepted Answer

The study of what the body does to medications.

Question 20

Pharmacology:

Accepted Answer

The study of medications (including their: composition, indications, side effects,  and how they act in the body).

Question 21

Prostaglandin Analogs:

Accepted Answer

Topical medications that increase the excretion of water from the eye to reduce IOP.

Question 22

Protein Displacement:

Accepted Answer

Medications that are bound to plasma proteins are inactive , but they become active if they are displaced.

Question 23

QT Prolongation:

Accepted Answer

When the heart muscle takes longer to recharge between beats, prolonging the QT interval (time of ventricular activity).

Question 24

Rebound Hypertension:

Accepted Answer

Rise in blood pressure after withdrawal or lowering of a drug dose (typically a high blood pressure medicine).

Question 25

Rhabdomyolysis:

Accepted Answer

Death of muscle tissue, releasing muscle fiber contents into the blood.

Question 26

Solubility:

Accepted Answer

Characteristics that determine whether a medication will be administered orally or by injection.

Question 27

Synergism:

Accepted Answer

When two medications work together better than if either medication is given separately.

Question 28

Tachyphylaxis:

Accepted Answer

The tolerance or wearing-off effect of certain medications.

Question 29

Therapeutic index:

Accepted Answer

Measure of how safe medications are; the higher the therapeutic index, the safer a medication is.

Question 30

Therapeutic window:

Accepted Answer

The optimal range in which medications are most effective.

MODULE 13: KEY TERMS

Basic pharmacology

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