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psychology: paper 1:

psychology: paper 1: attachment: types of attachment - Strange Situation (1978):

QuestionAnswer
1. who made the strange situation study? Mary Ainsworth
2. when did Ainsworth conduct her study? 1978
3. what was Ainsworth's aim? to observe key attachment behaviours to assess the quality of a child's attachment
4. what was Ainsworth's procedure? 106 middle class American infants 12-18 months and mothers observed in controlled observation through a two way mirror for 5 behaviours behaviour recorded every 15 seconds and gave score for intensity of observation
5. what was the sample Ainsworth used? 106 infants
6. how old were the infants? 12-18 months
7. what class were the infants? middle
8. what nationality were the infants? American
9. how many behavioural categories were observed? 5
10. how often was behaviour recorded? every 15 seconds
11. what type of sampling was used? time sampling
12. what is proximity seeking? good attachment = stay close to caregiver
13. what is exploration and secure base? good attachment = feel confident to explore whilst using caregiver as a secure base to feel safe if watched
14. what is stranger anxiety? anxiety when stranger approaches
15. what is separation anxiety? protest separation from caregiver
16. what is reunion behaviour? reunite with caregiver after short period of time
17. name all the behavioural categories proximity seeking, exploration and secure base, stranger anxiety, separation anxiety, reunion behaviour
18. what were Ainsworth's findings? made 3 attachment types
19. what is Type B attachment? secure attachment
20. what is Type A attachment? insecure avoidant attachment
21.what is Type C attachment? insecure resistant attachment
22. describe Type B attachment types explore happily whilst going back to caregiver regularly, moderate separation distress and stranger anxiety, accept comfort when reunited
23. how many infants were recorded as Type B? 66%
24. how many UK infants were classified as Type B? 60-75%
25. describe Type A attachment types explore freely but no seek proximity, little/ no reaction when caregiver leaves and little stranger anxiety, make no effort to contact caregiver when returns so no comfort at reunion
26. how many infants were recorded as Type A? 22%
27. how many UK infants were classified as Type A? 20-25%
28. describe Type C attachment types explore less need more proximity, huge stranger and separation anxiety but resist caregiver when reunited
29. how many infants were recorded at Type C? 12%
30. how many UK infants were classified as Type C? 3%
31. how is the Strange Situation study reliable? controlled observation so observe objectively using behavioural categories
32. how does the Strange Situation study have good predictive validity and good implications in society? it measures something meaningful in babies which can have a good implication in society educating caregivers on how to get secure attachments
33. how are there bad implications in society from the study? may be socially upsetting to caregivers if they do not identify secure attachments with their kids
34. how are there cultural differences and how is Ainsworth's research culturally bound used only Americans Takahashi (1986) Japanese study on Japanese babies finding separation anxiety actually high due to unusual situation not attachment as in Japan babies rarely away from mothers
35. explain how the methodology is reliable? they were observed using time sampling and behavioural categories to follow in a controlled environment
Created by: chachink
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