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psychology: paper 1:
psychology: paper 1: attachment: research into the stages of attachment:
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 1. when did Schaffer and Emerson conduct their study? | 1964 |
| 2. what was Schaffer and Emerson's aim of the study? | investigate formation of early attachment and age in which they developed |
| 3. what was Schaffer and Emerson's procedure? | 60 babies (31 male 29 female) Glasgow, most from skilled working-class families, babies and mothers were visited at home every month for 1st year then at 18 months where mothers asked questions about kind of protest baby showed when separated |
| 4. what was Schaffer and Emerson's findings? | 50% 6-8 months showed signs separation anxiety towards particular adult (usually mother) attachment = most interactive and sensitive > time spent by 10 months 80% had specific attachment and 30% multiple attachments many primary attachment to mother |
| 5. what was Schaffer and Emerson's conclusion? | infants develop attachments in 4 distinct stages |
| 6. how does their study have high external validity? | carried out in families' own homes and most of the observation was reported by parents so babies less likely affected by presence of observers, thus decreasing DC, can be applied to real world setting |
| 7. how does the study give unreliable data? | social desirability bias could occur as mothers gave reports suggesting data may not represent mother-infant relationships thus not generalisable |
| 8. how is being a prospective study a strength? | studied over a long time so large volume data collected is representative |
| 9. weakness of the sample? | all from same district in Glasgow and same social class over 50 years ago so results vary from culture and historical periods so not generalisable |
| 10. what was Schaffer and Emerson's sample size? | 60 babies |
| 11. how many of the babies were male? | 31 |
| 12. how many of the babies were female? | 29 |
| 13. how many infants showed signs of separation anxiety? | 50% |
| 14. at what age did the infants show signs of separation anxiety? | 6-8 months |
| 15. the higher the sensitivity and responsiveness of the caregiver? | the better the attachment |
| 16. by 10 months how many infants had a specific attachment? | 80% |
| 17. 80% infants had a specific attachment and 30% had multiple attachments at what age? | 10 months |
| 18. by 10 months how many infants had multiple attachments? | 30% |
| 19. how often were the infants and mothers visited? | every month for the 1st year then at 18 months |
| 20. who reported the signs of separation and protest? | the mothers |
Created by:
chachink
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