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Stack #40801

Endocrine - Unit 6 Review

QuestionAnswer
What chemical messangers does the endocrine and nervous system use? endocrine = hormones and nervous system - neurotransmitters
What is the difference in endocrine and exocrine glands? endocrine glands do NOT have ducts, exocrine glands have ducts
What area of the brain is responsible for maintaing homeostatis (BMR)? Hypothalamus
How many lobes does the pituitary gland have? two, adenohypophysis and neurohypophysis
Posterior pituitary neurohypophysis
Anterior pituitary adenohypophysis
What lobe of the pituitary contains nuerons from the hypthalamus? neurohypophysis
What lobe release hormones directly from the pituitary? and what are the hormones? Neurohypophsis releases oxytocin and ADH
What is oxytocin's functions? stimulate unterine contractions to deliver baby & placenta, stimulates the release of millk from mammary glands, induces abortion. Used to induce contractions and used for esophageal varicies
What condition is ADH used for? Diabetes Insipidus
Diabetes Insipidus is hypo or hyper ADH hypo-ADH
What are symptoms of hypo-ADH (Diabetes Insipidus)? incrased urine, dehydration, polydipsia, hypotension
What drug is used for Diabetes Insipidus? Vasopresson
Syndrome of inappropriate ADH is hyper or hypo ADH? Hyper-ADH
What are symptoms of inappropriate ADH decreased urine, hypertension
What are the hormones called that are released from the adenohypophysis? Tropic hormones
What controls the anterior pituiatry? Hypothalamus, it releases "Hormone Releasing Factors" that cause the anterior (adneophypophysis) to produce and release hormones
What are the blood vessels called that carries the releasing factors from the hypothalamus to the pituitary called? portal vein
What 3 anterior pituitary hormones directly affect the body? Growth Hormone, Prolactin and Melanocycte stimulating
What hormones released by the anterior pituitary regulate other glands? thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) and Gonadotropic Hormones (FSH and LH)
What is TSH path? TSH --> thyroid --> thyroxin
What is ACTH path? ACTH ---> adrenal cortex --> cortisol
What is FSH and LH path? ovaries and testes --> sex hormones (controls gamete production)
How are hormone secretions by glands controlled? through negative feedback. When hormones levels are high they inhbit the hypothalamus and anterior pituiatry, resulting in a decline in their levels
Whar are the actions of T3 and T4? stimulate protein synthesis, incrased blood glucose, increase metabolism, decreases cholesterol levels
How is hypothyroididm diganosed? blod levels of TSH are increased
What is hypothyridism? throid produces too little hormone
What causes hypothyroidism? disease (such as pituitary apoplexy, Sheehan syndrome), Radiation, pituitary disorder that inhibits TSH, hypothalamus not releasing TRF
What are symptoms of hypothyroidism? lethargy, weight gain, easily cold, dry skin, constipation, increased cholesterol, forgetfulness, muscle cramps, course hair/hair loss, decreased BP, deperssion, bradycardia
In infants what does hypothyroidism cause? dwarfism, mental retardation, lack of sexual matuiry
What drugs are usde to treat hypothyroidism? Dessicated thyroid (T3 & T4), Liothyronine (active T3), Levothyroxine (T4 - can cause pts to go over active)
What are the actions of thyroid stimulating drugs? increased BMR, increased neural activity, increased HR, decreased cholesterol levels, decreased appetite, increased bowl activity
Created by: TBess
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