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TA2141 Definitions

Disease Injury and Intervention II

TermDefinition
Hyperplasia An Increase in the number of cells in response to hormone stimulation.
Hypertrophy An increase in the size of cells, tissues, and organs in response to increased workloads.
Atrophy A decrease in the size of cells, tissues, and organs as a result of decreased workloads, old age, or by pathological means.
Metaplasia The change of one cell type to another; can result in cancer.
Dysplasia The disorderly arrangement of cells and nuclei; can progress to cancer.
Inflammation a condition caused by vasoconstriction followed by vasodilation that results in local or systemic swelling as a result of injury or disease.
Subacute Inflammaiton Referring to a form of inflammation that lasts for 2 to 6 weeks, associated with sever injury and illness.
Chronic Inflammation Referring to a form of inflammation that occurs when the immune system is over compensating and/or continually responding to injury or illness.
Autoimmune disease A disorder characterized by inflammation that occurs in the absence of injury or illness.
Pulse A numerical representation of the cardiovascular system generated by the opening and closing of the aortic valve in the heart, Is used to measure/assess the state of the cardiac cycle.
Blood Pressure The force exerted against the walls of blood vessels originating from the pumping action of the heart.
Systolic Blood Pressure The force that exerts on the arterial walls as the heart contracts.
Diastolic Blood Pressure The residual force that exerts on the arterial walls as the heart relaxes.
Respiration The movement of air in and out of the lungs in response to the differences of atmospheric pressure and lung pressure.
Edema Excess fluid build up in the interstitial spaces and/or body cavities.
Ascities The accumulation of edematous fluid in the abdominal cavity.
Hydrothorax The accumulation of edematous fluid in the pleural cavity.
Exudate A fluid that is rich in protein and blood cells, typical of inflammation.
Transudate The fluid portion of blood that accumulates in tissues.
Inflammatory Edema a form of edema characterized by vasoconstriction followed by vasodilation that typically lasts 1 to 10 days.
Hydrostatic Edema Also called pitting edema, is a form of edema caused by hypertension and/or heart failure leading to increased arterial blood pressure which causes the stagnation of blood leading to edema.
Hyperemia An excess of blood in the vessels supplying an organ or part of the body.
Dehydration the loss of fluids secondary to bleeding, early shock, sweating, or diarrhea that exceeds the body's limit of homeostasis.
Hemorrhage The loss of blood outside of the cardiovascular system.
Cardiac Hemorrhage Internal bleeding of the heart; may result from a GSW, stab wound, or ventricular rupture.
Aortic Hemorrhage Internal bleeding of the aorta; may result from MVA trauma, aneurysm, or dilation.
Arterial Hemorrhage Internal or external bleeding from an artery; most often caused by penetrating GSWs or fractures. Is characterized by a pulsating release of blood.
Capillary Hemorrhage Internal or external bleeding from a small capillary; may be related to minor trauma, increased venous pressure, or weaking of capillary walls due to a vit. C deficiency (Scurvy)
Venous Hemorrhage Internal or external bleeding from a vein. Usually caused by trauma such as MVAs. May form a hematoma or bruise.
Hemoptysis Referring to blood in the sputum
Hematemesis Referring to vomiting blood
Melena Referring to the passage of black discolored blood within the stool. Is indicative of an upper GI bleed.
Hematuria Referring to blood in the Urine
Thrombis The transformation of fluid blood into a solid thrombus or plug.
Embolism A freely movable intra-vascular mass that is carried from one anatomic site to another by blood.
Infarction An insufficiency of blood supply of sudden onset that results in an area of ischemic neurosis/necrosis, often due to thrombus or emboli.
shock A state of tissue hypoperfusion associated with sever hypotension and marked by cold, pallid skin, irregular breathing, tachycardia, and dilated pupils.
Created by: user-1789358
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