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PSYC Final
All Chapters
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Drug | Any substance, natural or artificial, other than food, that by its chemical nature alters structure or function in the living organism |
| Psychoactive Drug | A drug that specifically affects thoughts, emotions, or behavior |
| Illicit Drug | A drug unlawful to possess |
| Deviant Drug Use | Drug use that is not common within a social group and disapproved by the majority |
| Drug Misuse | Use of drugs or chemicals in greater amounts than prescribed by a doctor, or for purposes other than those intended by the manufacture |
| Drug Abuse | Substance use in a manner , and amount, or in a situation such that is causes social, occupational, psychological, or physical problems |
| Drug Dependence (aka addiction) | A state in which an individual uses a drug so frequently/ consistently that it would be difficult for the person to stop |
| Reliability | Finding similar patterns in 2 different studies, using different sampling techniques --> strong indication that trends are real and reflect broad changes in American society over time |
| Risk Factors Definition | Behaviors, attitudes, or situation that correlate with and might indicate the development of a deviance prone lifestyle, that includes drug/alcohol use |
| Risk Factors | Having friends who use weed + other substances |
| Risk Factors | Engaging in frequent stealing, fighting, and other antisocial behavoirs |
| Risk Factors | Perceiving that substance use is prevalent at your school |
| Risk Factors | Knowing adults who use weed and other substances |
| Risk Factors | Having a positive attitude towards weed |
| Risk Factors | Community, parental and peer attitudes and behavoirs |
| Risk Factors | Anti-social/ problem behaviors |
| Risk Factors | Poor School Performance |
| Protective Factors Definition | Behaviors, attitudes, or situations that correlate with low rates of deviant behavior, including illicit drug use |
| Protective Factors | Perceiving there are strong sanctions against substance use at school |
| Protective Factors | Having parents as a source of social support |
| Protective Factors | Being committed to school |
| Protective Factors | Believing religion is importance and frequently attending religious services |
| Protective Factors | Participating in 2 or more extracurricular activities |
| Protective Factors | Perceived use of drug |
| Antecedents defintion | A factor that occurs before an effect such as the initiation of drug use--> still not labeled as "causes" |
| Antecedent example | Aggresiviness |
| Antecedent example | Conduct problems |
| Antecedent example | Poor academic preformace |
| Antecedent example | Attachment to drug using peer group |
| Antecedent example | Parental and community norms that support drug use |
| Gateway substance defintion | Best thought of as early indicators of a basic pattern of deviant behavior resulting from a variety of risk factors |
| Gateway substances | -Alcohol -Tobacco |
| How do we get information about prevalent drug use? | Survey Questionnaires |
| Advantages Survey Questinaires | -easy to use -inexpensive -effecient |
| Disadvantages Survey Questionaires | -bias in student population (ex. Dropouts not counted) -potential inaccuracy of self-reports (among users and non users) |
| Two Main Large Scale Surveys | 1. Monitoring the Future Project 2. National Survey on Drug Use and Health |
| Monitoring the Future Project | - prevalence of use - perceived risk and availability |
| National Survey on Drug Use and Health | - face to face, computer assisted -68,000 individuals; carefully sampled househilfs across the U.S.A -broken down into age groups -results published annually |
| Correlates of Drug Use | -Gender -race/ ethnicity -level of education -personality variables -genetics -risk factors -protective factors |
| Influences on Drug Use: Societal | -laws+penalties -political statements -availability and cost -alcohol and tobacco adds -anti drug commercials -portrayal in movies, novels, news and shows -statements by authorities and celebs |
| Influences on Drug Use: Community and Family | -family -schools -clubs and organizations -church -gangs -local police -peers |
| Influences on Drug Use: Individuals | -personality -knowlege -attitudes -beliefs -motives -personal drug experience -needs -biology |
Created by:
jesstricker
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