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Chemical reactions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Acid: | A substance that donates protons (H⁺ ions) or accepts pairs of electrons and has a pH less than 7. Acids can be corrosive and taste sour. |
| Base: | A substance that can accept protons (H⁺ ions) or donate pairs of electrons and has a pH greater than 7. Bases are often slippery and taste bitter. |
| Combustion: | A chemical reaction that involves the rapid combination of a substance with oxygen, producing heat and light. Commonly associated with burning. |
| Decomposition Reaction: | A type of chemical reaction in which a single compound breaks down into two or more simpler substances. |
| Double Replacement: | A chemical reaction in which two compounds exchange ions to form two new compounds. |
| Neutralization: | A reaction between an acid and a base, resulting in the formation of water and a salt. The pH of the resulting solution is closer to 7. |
| Oxidation: | The loss of electrons by a substance during a chemical reaction. |
| Precipitate: | A solid that forms and settles out of a liquid mixture during a chemical reaction. |
| Products: | The substances formed as a result of a chemical reaction. |
| Reactants: | The substances that undergo chemical changes in a reaction. |
| Single Replacement: | A chemical reaction in which one element replaces another element in a compound. |
| Synthesis Reaction: | A type of chemical reaction in which two or more substances combine to form a new, more complex substance. |
| Exothermic: | A reaction that releases heat to its surroundings. |
| Endothermic: . | A reaction that absorbs heat from its surroundings |
| Chemical Reactions: | Processes in which substances are transformed into new substances with different properties. |
| Chemical Equation: | A symbolic representation of a chemical reaction, with reactants on the left and products on the right. |
| Yield: | The amount of product obtained in a chemical reactio |
| Coefficient: | A number placed in front of a chemical formula in a balanced chemical equation, indicating the relative amounts of reactants and products. |
| Activation Energy: | The minimum amount of energy required to initiate a chemical reaction. |
| Law of Conservation of Mass: | The principle states that in a chemical reaction, the total mass of the reactants equals the total mass of the products. |
| Enzyme: | A biological catalyst, usually a protein, that speeds up chemical reactions in living organisms. |
| Inhibitor: | A substance that slows down or prevents a chemical reaction. |
| pH: | A measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution on a scale from 0 to 14, with 7 being neutral. |
| Indicator: | A substance that changes color in response to changes in pH. |
| Hydronium Ion: | A positively charged ion formed by the attachment of a hydrogen ion (H⁺) to a water molecule; often used to represent acidity. |
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