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geography xmas test
geography
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is a hydrolic action | This is the power of water as it crashes against the coast. |
| what is abrasion | Waves pick up stones and throw them against the coast. These stones abrade the coast. |
| what is compressed air | Air in rocks becomes trapped by the incoming waves. The trapped air puts pressure on the rocks. When the water retreats (moves out), the air expands and the pressure drops. This repeated compression and release causes the rocks to shatter. |
| what is attrition | Stones carried by the waves hit off each other. Over time they are worn down and smoothed. |
| what is solution | Certain rocks, such as limestone, are dissolved by the water. |
| what is Longshore Drift | Certain rocks, such as limestone, are dissolved by the water. |
| How does a Blowhole Forms | A blowhole is a passage that goes through the roof of a cave to the land surface above. It is formed when powerful waves compress air that breaks a hole through the roof of the cave. |
| what is a sand bar | A sand bar is a narrow ridge of sand or shingle that seals off the mouth of a bay. |
| what are goynes | Groynes are concrete or wooden walls or fences that are built out into the sea at right angles to the coast. They work to reduce longshore drift by trapping the sediment carried by waves. The trapped sand builds up the level of the beach. |
| what are sea walls | Groynes are concrete or wooden walls or fences that are built out into the sea at right angles to the coast. They work to reduce longshore drift by trapping the sediment carried by waves. The trapped sand builds up the level of the beach. |
| what are climates | weather conditions in an area measured over 30 years |
| what are interglaccal periods | During the ice age, there were warmer periods known as interglacial periods. |
| what is a glaciated valley | Glaciated valley: This is a V-shaped valley which has been straightened and flattened by the movement of a large glacier to become a U-shaped valley. |
| what is a cirque | Cirque: Also known as a ‘corrie’, this is a large hollow on the side of a mountain. It has three steep sides and is the birthplace of a glacier. |
| what is a tarn | Tarn: This is a lake inside a cirque. |
| what is a pyramidial peak | Pyramidal peak: This is a steep-sided pyramid-shaped mountain that was eroded on all sides by many cirques. |
| what is an Arête | Arête: This is a narrow, steep-sided ridge, usually between two cirques. |
| what are paternoster lakes | Paternoster lakes: When a long, narrow lake occupies the floor of a glaciated valley, it is called a ribbon lake. When a few ribbon lakes are linked, they are called paternoster lakes. |
| what is a truncate spur | Truncated spur: This was originally an interlocking spur that was eroded, having its ‘head’ cut off as the glacier moved through the valley. |
| what is a hanging valley | Hanging valley: This is a small tributary valley that hangs above the main glaciated valley. |
| what is the supraglacier | These are materials found on the surface of the glacier, along the top or sides. These materials are carried along as the glacier moves. This material has usually fallen down the mountain and landed on the sides or top of the glacier. |
| what is the englacail | This is any regolith (loose material) trapped within the ice, including material that has fallen down cracks in the ice. |
| what is the subglacial | Subglacial: This is loose regolith trapped underneath the glacier and dragged along in the bottom of the ice. |
| what is a termanal moraine | A terminal moraine is the end point of a glacier made of deposited material. |
| what is a drumlin | A drumlin is an oval-shaped hill made of boulder clay. |
| what is an erratic | An erratic is a large boulder deposited by a glacier, in an area where the rock type is different. |
| whatvvis an esker | An esker is a long narrow ridge of sand or gravel. |
| what is an outwash plain | An outwash plain is a low, flat area composed of sand and gravel deposits found in front of the terminal moraine. |
| what is a moraine | A moraine is a mass of rocks and other material carried down and deposited by a glacier. |
| what is a recessional moraine | A recessional moraine is a moraine marking temporary stop in the retreat (moving back) of a glacier. |
| what is a lateral moraine | A lateral moraine is found at the side of the glacier. It is made of broken rock and soil that fell down the mountain and gathered at the side. This is supraglacial material. |
| what is termanal moraine | A terminal moraine is found at the front of the glacier. It is made up of material that is pushed ahead of the glacier. A terminal moraine marks the end point of the glacier. |
| what is a medail moraine | A medial moraine is found in the middle of a glacier when two glaciers combine. Their two lateral moraines join together. This is englacial material. |
| what is a drumlin | Drumlins are oval-shaped hills that are made of deposited boulder clay (a mixture of sand and clay). They often occur in large numbers known as swarms. |
| what is a weather station | A weather station is a facility that uses equipment and instruments to measure and observe the weather. Irish weather stations all around the country use technology to gather, measure and record weather conditions on a daily basis. |
| what are some factors that influence mass movment | water,human activity,vegitation |
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