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Pharmacology
Final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Pyridium is prescribed to treat the pain of urinary tract infections or urinary surgery. | True |
| Bile acid sequestrant drugs that are used to treat hyperlipidemia include all of these drugs, EXCEPT ________. | gemfibrozil (Lopid) |
| A blood clot forms after a complex series of steps involving all of the following substances, EXCEPT ________. | white blood cells |
| The psychiatric disease SAD ________. | B and C (occurs in the winter when there is little sunshine and is treated with Wellbutrin) |
| Lasix | furosemide |
| Cialis | tadalafil |
| Zithromax | azithromycin |
| Cipro | ciprofloxacin |
| Vibramycin | doxycycline |
| Pyridium | phenazopyridine |
| Benzodiazepine antianxiety drugs are used to treat anxiety but also have a/an ________ effect that makes them useful in treating insomnia. | sedative |
| The suffix -asteride is common to generic cephalosporin antibiotic drugs for urinary tract infections. | False |
| Monobactam antibiotic drugs are effective against all gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. | False |
| All of the following are corticosteroid drugs, EXCEPT ________. | rosiglitazone (Avandia) |
| What is the goal of treatment for drug therapy for Parkinson disease? | B and C (Minimize "off time" and maximize "on time" episodes |
| Which of the following is TRUE about colesevelam (WelChol)? | A and C (It is the only drug in the drug category of bile acid sequestrant antidiabetic drugs and it is used to treat diabetes mellitus and to lower an elevated cholesterol level. |
| Heparin is composed of large molecules that are not easily absorbed. Only about ________ of a dose is absorbed to exert a therapeutic effect. | 20 to 30 percent |
| Which of the following is NOT one of the diseases treated with diuretic drugs? | urinary tract infection |
| Somatostatin ________. | All of the above. (inhibits the secretion of the hormone insulin, is located in delta cells of the islets of Langerhans, inhibits the secretion of glucagon) |
| The abbreviation DOT is related to ________. | tuberculosis |
| Panic disorder is treated with ________. | All of the above (benzodiazepine antianxiety drugs, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor drugs, serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor drugs) |
| Which of the following is NOT a benzodiazepine drug used to treat generalized anxiety disorder? | lithium |
| Cephalosporin | cefixime (Suprax) |
| Penicillin antibiotic | amoxicillin |
| Aminoglycoside antibiotic | amikacin (Arikayce) |
| Macrolide antibiotic | azithromycin (Zithromax) |
| Antifungal | fluconazole (Diflucan) |
| COMT is the main enzyme that metabolizes the drug ________ in the blood. | levodopa |
| Few drugs are prescribed during pregnancy, particularly during the ________ trimester because of the increased risk of causing birth defects in the developing fetus. | first |
| Lifestyle changes are the first treatment recommended for which of the following diseases? | B and C (hypertension and hyperlipidemia) |
| Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the United States. | True |
| Drugs to treat human immunodeficiency virus are known as antiviral drugs. | False |
| Robert Crawford has been a drug addict for six months. Now, he is increasing the amount of the drug he takes but is still not getting the "high" he craves. This is because he is now experiencing ________. | tolerance |
| clonazepam (Klonopin) | benzodiazepine drug for epilepsy |
| rasagiline (Azilect) | MAO inhibitor drug for Parkinson disease |
| pregabalin (Lyrica) | for neuralgia and neuropathy |
| onabotulinumtoxin A (Botox) | neuromuscular blocking drug for migraine headaches |
| ropinirole (Requip) | for restless legs syndrome and Parkinson disease |
| The combination antibiotic drug Bactrim contains drugs that block two steps in the synthesis of folic acid by bacteria. | True |
| Which intrauterine device contains copper to prevent pregnancy? | Paragard |
| Which of the following drugs is NOT used to treat endometriosis? | doxycycline (Doryx) |
| Of the following trade name drugs, which one is NOT a prostaglandin drug used to help the cervix dilate and efface during labor? | Skyla |
| The symptoms of Parkinson disease include which of the following? | muscle rigidity, tremors, slowing of voluntary movements |
| This prescription drug was the first nonsurgical treatment for benign prostatic hypertrophy. | finasteride (Proscar) |
| Which of the following drug categories is NOT used to treat HIV? | carbapenem drugs |
| All of the following drug categories are used to treat Alzheimer disease, EXCEPT ________. | corticosteroid drugs |
| Allen Southerby has allergic rhinitis. He takes a mast cell stabilizer drug that does all of the following, EXCEPT ________. | breaks up thick mucus so it can be expelled from the lungs |
| Which of these sound-alike trade name drugs is a mast cell stabilizer drug? | NasalCrom |
| Anticoagulant drugs keep a blood clot from forming in patients with ________. | All of the above (atrial fibrillation and heart attack, stroke, arteriosclerosis) |
| Omega-3 fatty acid drugs are used to treat hypertension. | False |
| All of the following trade name drugs are used to treat an elevated level of cholesterol, EXCEPT ________. | Ziac |
| Which of the following statements about protamine sulfate is TRUE? | Protamine sulfate is used to treat a heparin overdose. |
| Cholesterol and triglycerides are both produced by the liver. | True |
| Mast cell stabilizer drugs prevent mast cells in the nose from releasing histamine and causing edema of the mucous membranes and sneezing. | True |
| GLP-1 receptor agonist antidiabetic drugs include all of the following, EXCEPT ________. | pioglitazone (Actos) |
| Hemophilia A is ________. | A and C (the most common type of hemophilia and caused by the lack of clotting factor VIII) |
| What are the causes of dementia? | All of the above (drug abuse, cerebrovascular accident/stroke, chronic alcoholism) |
| Which of the following statements is FALSE? | Now there are several categories of drugs that are able to kill HIV. |
| Which of the following statements is FALSE? | Depression is caused by an increased level of norepinephrine in the brain. |
| Anemia can be caused by all of the following, EXCEPT ________. | a lack of vitamin K |
| Which trade name is a combination penicillin antibiotic drug? | Zosyn |
| The drug packaging for dutasteride and finasteride warn women of childbearing age not to touch broken or crushed tablets as this can cause birth defects in a male fetus. | True |
| Benzodiazepine antianxiety Schedule IV drugs such as alprazolam (Xanax) and clonazepam (Klonopin) are used to treat panic disorder. | True |
| For the drug Nicoderm CQ, the CQ stands for Committed Quitters. | True |
| The well-known generic name drug rosuvastatin that is used to treat hypercholesterolemia is related to the trade name drug ________. | Crestor |
| Which of the following phrases is related to tuberculosis? | directly observed therapy |
| Roberta Clark must take high doses of a prescribed corticosteroid drug. Over time, she might develop ________. | All of the above. |
| The FDA issued a warning that oral contraceptive drugs that contain the progestins drug drospirenone have a 75% increased risk of causing blood clots compared to other oral contraceptive drugs. | True |
| Which of the following is NOT true of phytonadione (Mephyton)? | It is used to treat patients with an overdose of anticoagulant drug. |
| Dexamethasone is an FDA-approved corticosteroid drug that is given intravenously to treat patients with COVID-19. | True |
| All of these are thyroid supplement drugs to treat hypothyroidism, EXCEPT ________. | oxandrolone (Oxandrin) |
| Which of the following drug form or route of administration is NOT used for contraceptive drugs? | intravenous injection |
| The fusion protein inhibitor drug enfuvirtide (Fuzeon) for HIV can only be administered ________. | subcutaneously |
| What do the trade name drugs K-Tab, Klor-Con, and Micro-K have in common? | They are potassium chloride drugs. |
| Drugs used to treat HIV do all of the following, EXCEPT ________. | cure HIV |
| All of the following are direct thrombin inhibitor drugs, EXCEPT ________. | apixaban (Eliquis) |
| The combining form vesic/o-, as used in the trade name drug Vesicare, means ________. | bladder |
| Mental illnesses include all of the following EXCEPT ________. | neurotransmitter disorder |
| Anemia is caused by all of the following, EXCEPT ________. | a decreased amount of vitamin K |
| Which of the following is NOT one of the ways in which biguanide antidiabetic drugs work? | They stimulate the pancreas to secrete more insulin. |
| Which of the following statements is FALSE? | The body uses erythrocytes, a type of red blood cell, to fight viral infections. |
| The generic antidepressant drug bupropion (Wellbutrin) is an antidepressant, but it has also been used as a non-nicotine aid to help patients stop smoking. | True |
| Diuretic drugs are divided into several different categories based on the site of the drug's action in the nephron. | True |
| HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor drugs block HMG-CoA, an enzyme that is needed for the production of cholesterol by the liver. | True |
| Anticoagulant drugs are used to ________ a blood clot. | prevent |
| The sexually transmitted disease acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is caused by ________. | HIV |
| Which of the following statements about low molecular weight heparins is FALSE? | Low molecular weight heparins have a larger molecular size than heparin. |
| All of the following trade name drugs are given to women in menopause as estrogen hormone replacement therapy, EXCEPT ________. | Kyleena |
| How does the drug memantine (Namenda) work to treat Alzheimer disease? | It binds to NMDA receptors and stops them from being overstimulated by the neurotransmitter glutamate. |
| The primary cause of urinary tract infections is ________. | gram-negative bacteria |
| A seizure can be triggered by which of the following? | All of the above. |
| The trade name of the benzodiazepine antianxiety drug alprazolam is ________. | Xanax |
| The well-known bronchodilator generic drug albuterol is related to which trade name drug? | B and C (Ventolin HFA and Proventil HFA) |
| In the drugs ferrous fumarate (Ferrocite) and ferrous gluconate (Ferrotabs), the word ferrous tells you that these drugs contain ________. | iron |
| Hemophiliac patients are given ________. | All of the above (units of whole blood, blood products (plasma, packed red blood cells), clotting factors) |
| Pathogens include all of the following, EXCEPT ________. | cancer cells |
| The formed elements of the blood include all of the following, EXCEPT ________. | plasma |
| When a drug prescribed for Parkinson disease causes increasing side effects, the healthcare provider can ________. | initiate a drug holiday |
| The 2020 National Action Plan for Combating Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria includes all of the following, EXCEPT ________. | allow pediatricians to prescribe antibiotic drugs at the parents' request. |
| In the trade name of an insulin drug Humulin R, the letter R stands for ________. | regular |
| The generic drugs sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim are in a combination drug that inhibits back-to-back steps that bacteria use to build their cellular proteins. This trade name drug is ________. | Bactrim |
| Which of the following drug categories is used to treat multiple sclerosis? | A and B (corticosteroid drugs and interferon drugs) |
| "Swish and swallow" is the way an adult is told to take the oral suspension of a drug used to treat oral candidiasis. | True |
| By blocking an enzyme, ACE inhibitor drugs cause blood vessels to dilate, and this decreases the blood pressure. | True |
| Which of the following does NOT belong to the drug category of calcium channel blockers to treat hypertension? | prazosin (Minipress) |
| Which of the following contribute to heart disease? | All of the above (Smoking, Obesity and sedentary lifestyle, and diabetes mellitus) |
| A 28-day pill pack of an oral contraceptive drug consists of 21 combined-hormone tablets and 7 tablets that ________. | All of the above (are inert, may contain sugar, may contain iron) |
| All of the following are dopamine system stabilizer drugs for psychosis EXCEPT ________. | dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine) |
| All of the following are bronchodilator drugs, EXCEPT ________. | prednisolone (Orapred, Pediapred) |
| Which of the following statements is FALSE? | Hyperthyroidism is treated with liothyronine (Cytomel, Triostat). |
| Esmolol (Brevibloc) is used to treat ________. | cardiac arrhythmias |
| Diuretic drugs increase the flow of urine and can treat hypertension and edema associated with congestive heart failure. | True |
| Tuberculosis is ________. | spread by airborne droplets expelled by coughing |
| Which patients can benefit from using an expectorant drug? | All of the above (Those who smoke, have COPD, and have tuberculosis or pneumonia) |
| Insulin drug categories include which of the following? | All of the above (rapid-acting insulin, intermediate-acting insulin, and long-acting insulin) |
| Which of the following is TRUE about Seasonique? | All of the above (It is a biphasic oral contraceptive drug, The woman has a menstrual period only four times a year, and It is an extended-cycle oral contraceptive drug) |
| The American Heart Association state that a normal blood pressure is 120/80 mm Hg. | True |
| Nicotine drugs to stop smoking come in which of the following drug forms? | All of the above (chewing gum, transdermal patch, and nasal spray) |
| Finasteride (Proscar) is used to treat benign prostatic hypertrophy, but it is also used to treat male pattern baldness as the trade name drug Propecia. | True |
| HDL, LDL, and VLDL are ________. | A and B (types of lipoproteins and carrier molecules) |
| Which of these problems would cause the healthcare provider to give a woman a uterine stimulant drug? | All of the above (weak uterine contractions (uterine inertia), preeclampsia that required a rapid delivery for safety, and prolonged labor) |
| Which of the following is true about Mirena? | All of the above (It is a T-shaped contraceptive device, It is implanted into the uterus, and It contains the progestins drug levonorgestrel) |
| Which trade name drug comes as a nasal spray and is used to treat epilepsy? | Valtoco |
| The kidneys continuously filter the circulating blood, extracting waste products of cellular metabolism and excreting them in the urine. | True |
| When the drug atropine is used to treat bradycardia, its action is to ________. | block the effect of acetylcholine which normally causes a decreased heart rate |
| Asthma ________. | A and C (has symptoms of bronchoconstriction and wheezing and is a type of reactive airway disease) |
| Which of the following is a digitalis drug used to treat congestive heart failure? | digoxin (Digitek, Digox, Lanoxin) |
| Which of the following is NOT one of the effects of second-generation antihistamine drugs? | They produce drowsiness. |
| ________ drugs, that relax smooth muscle and cause the arteries in the arms and legs to dilate, are used to treat hypertension. | Peripheral vasodilator |
| Nitroglycerin is available in all of the following drug forms, EXCEPT ________. | inhaled powder |
| Bobby Whittaker has childhood asthma and takes a corticosteroid drug to prevent asthma attacks. Which drug is he taking? | budesonide (Pulmicort) |
| If the serum cholesterol level is too high, bile acid sequestrant drugs ________. | bind with bile to form an insoluble complex that is excreted in the feces |
| The well-known leukotriene receptor blocker generic drug montelukast is related to the trade name drug ________. | Singulair |
| The well-known second-generation generic antihistamine drug fexofenadine is related to the trade name drug ________. | Allegra |
| All of the following are categories of bronchodilator drugs, EXCEPT ________. | Monoclonal antibody drugs |
| Corticosteroid drugs given intranasally to treat allergic symptoms in the ________. | nose |
| The trade name for the antiarrhythmic generic drug lidocaine is ________. | Xylocaine |
| Very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) carry ________ in the blood. | triglycerides |
| The generic antiplatelet drug clopidogrel is related to the well-known trade name drug ________. | Plavix |
| James Raucher has had asthma since he was a child. When he turned 60, he also developed hypertension. His healthcare provider prescribed a cardioselective beta-blocker drug to treat his hypertension because cardioselective beta-blocker drugs ________. | dilate the arteries but allow the bronchi to remain open |
| An elevated level of triglycerides in the blood can be caused by which of the following? | A and C (sugar and oils and margarine) |
| ________ drugs are also known as "statin" drugs. | HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor drugs |
| The well-known generic antihistamine drug loratadine is related to the trade name drug ________. | Claritin |
| Which category of drugs promotes the excretion of sodium and water in the urine to lower the blood pressure? | diuretic drugs |
| An expectorant drug ________. | All of the above (is only prescribed for a productive cough, reduces the viscosity (thickness) of mucus, and allows patients to cough up sputum more easily) |
| A lack of vitamin B12 can lead to what kind of anemia? | Pernicious anemia |
| What is one of the trade names of the generic beta-blocker drug propranolol? | Inderal |
| Antitussive drugs act by decreasing ________. | coughing |
| Calcium channel blocker drugs block the movement of calcium ions into smooth muscles in the blood vessels. This results in all of the following, EXCEPT ________. | the heart contracts less frequently |
| Over-the-counter, low-dose, 81-mg tablets of this drug should be taken daily by patients who have had a myocardial infarction or stroke. | aspirin |
| In addition to being used to treat hypertension and angina pectoris, the beta-blocker drug propranolol (Inderal) is also used to do all of the following, EXCEPT ________. | treat digoxin drug toxicity |
| Rachel McVey has been smoking for 10 years but wants to quit. All of these drugs are used to stop smoking, EXCEPT ________. | Proventil |
| Patients taking warfarin (Coumadin, Jantoven) for long-term anticoagulant drug therapy need to be sure they do not eat too much of which kinds of foods? | All of the above (leafy green vegetables, liver, lentils, and hummus, and soy milk, tofu, and chickpeas) |
| Which of the following is an emergency situation in which the heart muscle is quivering and not pumping any blood? | Ventricular fibrillation |
| In addition to being an oral contraceptive drug, YAZ is also approved by the FDA for treating ________. | the skin condition of acne |
| The aminoglycoside antibiotic drug neomycin is used as a bowel prep before intestinal surgery because ________. | A and C (it is given orally but remains in the intestine to kill bacteria and it not absorbed into the blood) |
| Some antiyeast drugs require the patient insert the drug vaginally for 7 days or just 3 days, but the antiyeast drug tioconazole requires just one day of treatment. | True |
| After the tragedy with thalidomide and fetal deformities, the FDA did not approve any drug to treat the nausea and vomiting associated with pregnancy until 2013 then they approved the combination drug ________. | Diclegis |
| The drugs chlorothiazide (Diuril) , hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ), and metolazone are examples of which category of diuretic drugs? | thiazide diuretic drugs |
| Patients with an allergy to penicillin may also show an allergy to what other category of antibiotic drugs? | cephalosporin drugs |
| The phrase culture and sensitivity means ________. | culture of the bacteria and its sensitivity to antibiotic drugs |
| Which of the following statements about benign prostatic hypertrophy is FALSE? | Because the prostate is enlarged, there are symptoms of a urinary tract infection. |
| To which category of antibiotic drugs does ciprofloxacin (Cipro) belong? | fluoroquinolones |
| Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are treated with drugs that are specifically effective against ________. | gram-negative bacteria |
| The ________ category of antibiotic drugs can cause ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity. | aminoglycoside |
| The ________ group of antibiotic drugs can cause permanent discoloration of teeth. | tetracycline |
| All of the following are categories of antibiotic drugs, EXCEPT ________. | fusion protein inhibitor drugs |
| Candida albicans infections of the mouth are also known as ________. | All of the above (monilia, oral candidiasis, thrush) |
| Drugs should be avoided during pregnancy, but which of these drugs is prescribed for pregnant women? | All of the above (Drugs for chronic diseases such as hypertension or diabetes, Iron and folic acid, and Prenatal vitamins) |
| Once a patient is sensitized to a particular drug, even a small dose can trigger a severe allergic reaction. | True |
| Which of the following sexually transmitted diseases is treated with an antibiotic drug? | gonorrhea and syphilis |
| Which electrolyte should be given in conjunction with some diuretic drugs? | potassium |
| Cranberries are effective against urinary tract infections because ________. | All of the above (the fructose in them prevents bacteria from adhering to the bladder wall, they increase the acidity of the urine, and they suppress the growth of bacteria because bacteria prefer an alkaline environment |
| The trade name drug for overactive bladder that can catch on fire if applied while smoking is ________. | Gelnique |
| All of the following are true about saw palmetto, EXCEPT ________. | it is a prescription drug. |
| The presence of what causes a diagnosis of HIV to change to a diagnosis of AIDS? | A and C (A very low CD4 lymphocyte count and An HIV-related opportunistic infection) |
| The FDA approved the first ingestible drug tracking system Abilify MyCite to assure compliance with taking antipsychotic medication. | True |
| The first drug ever created using recombinant DNA technology was ________. | human insulin (Humulin) |
| Diabetes mellitus type 2 is first treated with lifestyle and diet changes that include all of the following, EXCEPT ________. | an insulin pump |
| Rapid-acting insulin drugs begin to lower the blood glucose level within ________. | 5-15 minutes |
| Dry mouth, blurry vision, constipation, and urinary retention that are common to tricyclic antidepressant drugs are ________ side effects. | anticholinergic |
| Before World War II and before the introduction of antipsychotic drugs, schizophrenic patients were treated by ________. | All of the above (exposure to malaria to produce fever and delirium, injection with insulin to cause convulsions and coma, and electroshock therapy) |
| The symptoms of delusions, hallucinations, inappropriate mood, bizarre behaviors, and a loss of touch with realty are characteristic of ________. | psychosis |
| GABA analog drugs are used to treat ________. | epilepsy |
| Temazepam (Restoril) and triazolam (Halcion) are both benzodiazepine antianxiety drugs that are used to treat ________. | insomnia |
| Tricyclic antidepressant drugs are so named because of the ________. | triple-ring configuration of the chemical structure of the drug |
| The nonbarbiturate hypnotic/sedative drug zolpidem has one trade name drug that is specially designed as a "get-back-to-sleep" pill for people who wake up in the middle of the night and can't get back to sleep. That trade name is ________. | Intermezzo |
| Prescription drug monitoring programs (PDMPs) are ________. | to identify patients obtaining opioid drugs from several providers |
| All of the following are complications of untreated or uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, EXCEPT ________. | hyperthyroidism |
| Which of the following statements about donepezil (Aricept) is FALSE? | It was originally derived from a strain of daffodil bulbs. |
| Hyperthyroidism can be caused by all of the following, EXCEPT ________. | secretion of too little T3 and T4 hormones |
| alprazolam (Xanax) | benzodiazepine drug for anxiety |
| duloxetine (Cymbalta) | SNRI drug for depression |
| olanzapine (Zyprexa) | second-generation antipsychotic drug |
| disulfiram (Antabuse) | used as a deterrent to prevent drinking of alcohol |
| citalopram (Celexa) | SSRI drug for depression |
| Obsessive-compulsive disorder is characterized by mood swings between two poles. | False |
| The drug pregabalin (Lyrica) is used to treat what diseases? | All of the above (neuralgia, epilepsy, and neuropathy) |
| In what drug form is the insomnia drug zolpidem manufactured? | All of the above {a tablet (Ambien), a sublingual tablet (Intermezzo), and an oral spray (Zolpimist)} |
| There is a decreased level of acetylcholine in the brain in patients with ________. | Alzheimer disease |
| Posttraumatic stress disorder is treated with drugs from the ________ category. | selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor |
| Panic disorder ________. | All of the above (is treated with antianxiety drugs, has a severe, overwhelming fear when there is no immediate danger, and can cause intense physical symptoms that mimic a heart attack) |
| Recovering alcoholic patients who take disulfiram (Antabuse) must ________. | All of the above (be warned about the adverse effects before starting the drug, give their consent to treatment with this drug, and avoid alcoholic beverages, cough syrups, and mouthwashes) |
| Why would healthcare providers give a patient a free sample of a drug? | to let patients try a limited supply to see if the drug is effective |
| Topiramate (Topamax, Trokendi) is used to treat which of the following diseases? | A and C (seizures and migraine headaches) |
| Former President George H. W. Bush and First Lady Barbara Bush had the endocrine disorder of ________. | hyperthyroidism |
| The well-known generic thyroid hormone drug levothyroxine is related to the trade name drugs of Levoxyl and ________. | Synthroid |
| The newest category of drugs used to treat Alzheimer disease is ________. | anti-amyloid monoclonal antibody drugs |
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