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Philosophy Exam 4

TermDefinition
Coherence Theory of Truth the theory that a statement or belief is true if and only if it coheres with a system of statements or beliefs
Contingent Falsehood a statement that is false but not might have been so
Contingent Truth a true statement that could have been otherwise
Correspondence Theory of Truth the theory that a statement or belief is true if and only if it corresponds with the facts
Empirical Truth a statement that is true because of the facts and knowable through experience
Empiricism the philosophy that insists that all the knowledge, except for certain logical truths and principles of mathematics, comes from experience
Innate Ideas ideas that we are born with, which may include tendencies to think in certain ways that are hardwired into our minds
Linguistic Determinism the view that language shapes the way people understand the world
Necessary Truth something that cannot be otherwise, and cannot be imagined to be otherwise
Nihilism the view that nothing has any value or that there are no values
Objective Truth truth independent of our personal opinions and demonstrably true to anyone
Postmodernists originally a somewhat amorphous group of French philosophers and cultural figures who came to prominence in the late 1970s
Pragmatic Theory of Truth the theory that a statement or belief is true if and only if it works
Rationalism the philosophy that is characterized by its confidence in reason, and intuition in particular, to know reality independently of experience
Sisyphus in greek mythology, a person whom the gods punished by making him spend all eternity pushing a rock up a mountain only to have it fall back down again
Skepticism the philosophical belief that knowledge is not possible, that doubt will not be overcome by any valid arguments
Stoicism an ancient movement in philosophy that taught self-control and aimed to minimize passion, with a willingness to endure whatever fate has in store
Subjective Truth an idea that might be said to be true for the person who believes it but possibly for no one else
Tabula Rasa in Locke, the "blank tablet" metaphor of the mind, in opposition to the doctrine that there are innate ideas
Life as Game a competition: winning or losing
Life as Story created narrative: chapters as stages, real & fictional characters, the protagonist in our story
Life as Tragedy serious & unhappy process, tragic plot: the tragic role
Life as Comedy opposite of tragedy
Life as Mission religious, secular, political, etc,. proselytization: missionary traditions, one's "calling," professions, roles, relationships
Life as Art creative & original, lived with style/imagination, purpose is to create, life is evaluated as an artwork
Life as Adventure the thrill of living (danger/risk), suspense/taking chances, alternatives are too boring
Life as Desire living for one's desire, cycle of continuous wanting, once fulfilled replaced by another, new desires give life meaning
Life as Tranquility life of not desiring, goal: overcoming desire, Freud: psychological equilibrium, Buddhism: nirvana, 4 noble truths
Life as Altruism helping others, type of mission, expecting nothing in return
Life as Honor living up to expectations, respect/regard for self/others, meaning derived in valuing principles over life itself
Life as Learning experience/process, trying "everything" once, developing one's potential, "be the best you"
Life as Suffering troubled, dissatisfied, turmoil, stress, like tragedy, goal is detachment
Life as Investment life as business transaction, years of life as capital, investments & returns, payoff-not necessarily monetary, meaning & work: should work be meaningful
Life as Relationships marriage, family, friendships, human relationships, socialization & connections, life's meaning derived through network of relationships
Created by: MOWGaming04
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