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A & P- Unit 6.2
Anatomy and Physiology- Unit 6.2, does not include unit 6.1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Skull contains ___ bones. | 22 |
| Skull contains ___ cranial and ___ facial. | 8, 14 |
| Cranial bones form, function? | Cranial cavity, protects brain |
| Frontal bone | Forms forehead and most of anterior portion of cranial floor. |
| Parietal bone | Forms sides and roof of cranial cavity |
| Temporal bone | Forms inferior sides and part of cranial floor |
| Occipital bone | Forms posterior and base of cranium |
| Sphenoid bone | Forms middle part of base of skull |
| Ethmoid bone | Forms anterior portion of cranial floor and medial wall of orbits |
| Two of these six cranial bones are in pairs: | Parietal, Temporal |
| Nickname for sphenoid bone, why? | Keystone, connects to all cranial bones |
| Cranial bone helps stabilize brain and provides areas of attachment for muscles that move head | Ethmoid bone |
| Sutures | Immovable joints between skull bones; holds bones together. |
| Coronal | Frontal bones and 2 parietal bones |
| Sagittal | unites two parietal bones |
| Lambdoid | Unites parietal bones to occipital bone |
| Squamous | Unites parietal bones to temporal bones |
| Paranasal sinuses lined w/ | mucous membranes |
| Function of paranasal sinuses | Produce mucus and resonating chamber for sound |
| 4 sinuses: | Frontal sinus, sphenoid sinus, ethmoid bone, maxillae |
| Fontanels | membrane filled spaces between cranial bones |
| Process called that turns fontanels into sutures | Intermembranous ossification |
| Four fontanels: | Anterior fontanel, anterolateral fontanel, posterior fontanel, posterolateral fontanel |
| Hyoid bone unusual bc: | Doesn't connect with any other bone |
| Hyoid bone suspended from: | Temporal bones |
| Hyoid bone located between, function: | Mandible and Larynx, tongue support and muscle attachment |
| Vertebrae | bones of vertebral column |
| Functions of vertebrae | Protects spinal cord, supports head, attachment for ribs, pelvic girdle, and back muscles |
| Invertebral discs | Found between most adjacent vertebrae |
| Outer ring of invertebral discs made of | Fibrocartilage |
| Three functions of invertebral discs | Strong joint formation, vertical shock absorbers, movement |
| Four functions of skeletal curves | Increases strength, shock absorbers, maintain balance, protect vertebrae breakage |
| Body | Thick, weight- bearing part of a vertebra |
| Two processes that make up the vertebral arch | Pedicles, lamina |
| Four process extensions of vertebral arch | Transverse process, superior articular process, spinous process, Inferior articular process |
| Function of C1 | Atlas, supports head |
| Function of C2 | Axis, Provides pivot for head |
| Function of Thoracic | Movement restricted by ribs and sternum |
| Function of Lumbar | Spinous processes adapted for back muscles |
| Function of Sacrum | Foundation of pelvic girdle |
| Thoracic cage made of 4 parts: | sternum, ribs, costal cartilages, bodies of thoracic vertebrae |
| Sternum, aka the ___ made of 3 parts: | breastbone, Manubrium, body, xiphoid process |
| There are ___ pairs of ribs. | 12 |
| Costal cartilage is made out of ___ cartilage | Hyaline |
| True ribs got their name b/c ___ and are #___ | Attach directly to the sternum, 1-7 |
| False ribs got their name b/c___ and are #___ | Cartilage attaches indirectly to sternum or not at all, 8-12 |
| Floating ribs got their name b/c___ and are #___ | not attached to sternum, 11-12 |
Created by:
FDerstine
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