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Ch.9 Pathologies

Lumbar, Sacrum, Coccyx Clinical Indications

QuestionAnswer
Ankylosing spondylitis Systemic illness that affects 20-40 y.o. men that results in pain and stiffness first in the SI joints
Radiographic appearance of ankylosing spondylitis vertebral column becoming fused "bamboo spine"
Compression fractures due to trauma, osteoporosis, or metastatic disease; the superior & inferior surfaces of the vertebral body are driven together (wedge shaped)
Chance fractures due to hyperflexion force that causes a fracture through the vertebral body and posterior elements (spinous process, pedicles, etc.) lap seat belts = NO
Radiographic appearance for compression fx anterior wedging of vertebrae; short/wedge shape body
Radiographic appearance for chance fx Fx through vertebral body and posterior elements
Herniated Nucleus Pulposus (HNP) aka slipped disk; due to trauma/improper lifting where soft inner disk protrudes through outer fibrous layer pressing on spinal cord; commonly seen at L4L5
Radiographic appearance for HNP possible narrowing of the disk space
Lordosis (+ radiographic appearance) Normal or exaggerated concave curvature of the lumbar spine
Metastases primary malignant neoplasms that spread through the body through blood and lymphatics, commonly to vertebrae; types of lesions include osteolytic, osteoblastic, and combination
Metastases - Osteolytic Destructive lesion with irregular margins & decreased density
Metastases - Osteoblastic quickly growing bony lesions of increased density
Metastases - combination of osteolytic and osteoblastic Moth-eaten appearance of bone resulting from the mix of destructive and blastic lesions
Scoliosis lateral curvature of the vertebral column (thoracic and lumbar); dextro = lateral curve to the right & levo = lateral curve to the left
Spina bifida congenital condition where the posterior part (lamina) of vertebrae do not close, exposing the spinal cord; commonly seen at L5
Spondylolisthesis forward movement of one vertebra in front of another due to pars defect; commonly seen at L4L5 or L5S1
Spondylolysis break down of vertebra at pars interarticularis (scottie dog neck broken); most common at L4 or L5
Created by: SavHoffman25
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