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Ch.9 Pathologies
Lumbar, Sacrum, Coccyx Clinical Indications
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Ankylosing spondylitis | Systemic illness that affects 20-40 y.o. men that results in pain and stiffness first in the SI joints |
| Radiographic appearance of ankylosing spondylitis | vertebral column becoming fused "bamboo spine" |
| Compression fractures | due to trauma, osteoporosis, or metastatic disease; the superior & inferior surfaces of the vertebral body are driven together (wedge shaped) |
| Chance fractures | due to hyperflexion force that causes a fracture through the vertebral body and posterior elements (spinous process, pedicles, etc.) lap seat belts = NO |
| Radiographic appearance for compression fx | anterior wedging of vertebrae; short/wedge shape body |
| Radiographic appearance for chance fx | Fx through vertebral body and posterior elements |
| Herniated Nucleus Pulposus (HNP) | aka slipped disk; due to trauma/improper lifting where soft inner disk protrudes through outer fibrous layer pressing on spinal cord; commonly seen at L4L5 |
| Radiographic appearance for HNP | possible narrowing of the disk space |
| Lordosis (+ radiographic appearance) | Normal or exaggerated concave curvature of the lumbar spine |
| Metastases | primary malignant neoplasms that spread through the body through blood and lymphatics, commonly to vertebrae; types of lesions include osteolytic, osteoblastic, and combination |
| Metastases - Osteolytic | Destructive lesion with irregular margins & decreased density |
| Metastases - Osteoblastic | quickly growing bony lesions of increased density |
| Metastases - combination of osteolytic and osteoblastic | Moth-eaten appearance of bone resulting from the mix of destructive and blastic lesions |
| Scoliosis | lateral curvature of the vertebral column (thoracic and lumbar); dextro = lateral curve to the right & levo = lateral curve to the left |
| Spina bifida | congenital condition where the posterior part (lamina) of vertebrae do not close, exposing the spinal cord; commonly seen at L5 |
| Spondylolisthesis | forward movement of one vertebra in front of another due to pars defect; commonly seen at L4L5 or L5S1 |
| Spondylolysis | break down of vertebra at pars interarticularis (scottie dog neck broken); most common at L4 or L5 |
Created by:
SavHoffman25
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