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Pharm ch7
drug interaction
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 1.when 2 or more drugs are taken what can happen | absorption rate can be blocked, increased or decreased --> a) deceased/increased gastric emptying time. b). change the gastric ph C), forms drug complexes</Answer> |
| 2.the Small intestines is the site for what? | most drug absorption |
| 3. these 3 drugs aren't absorbed in the Small intestines? | Barbiturates, Salicylates, theophylline |
| antogonist effect | two or more drugs have a opposite effect, each drug cancells the other, neighter drugs delivers a therapeutic effect |
| bradcardia | heart beat less than 60 beats per minute |
| Naloxone | antagonist(antidote) GIVE TO COUNTERACT A DRUG OVERDOSE |
| common signs of drug interaction include | nausea, gi upset, headache, dizziness |
| what does food do to drug absorption | it delays, increases or decreases the reaction, it can bind with food and cause less or slower drug absorption, some drugs need to be absored in an acidic enviroment and must be taken on an empty stomach to be effective |
| Synergistic effect | when two or more drugs are givene togheter, one drug potentiates the othe drug. it enhances or broadens the spectrum of activity of the given drugs |
| Additive effects | 2 drugs with similar action are given together, its the sum effects of the two drugs. can produce desirable or undesirable effects.ex:analgesics aspirin and codeine, both work in different ways as pain relief and when give together they increasepain relie |
| abnormal plasma and electolyte concentration affect drug theray how? | if elctrolytes(K, Ca, Mg) are low or high, toxicity may occur. |
| Photosensitivity | drug-induced skin reaction that is caused by exposure to UVA light, which can cause cellular damage. |
| Photoallergy | a drug undergoes activation in th skin by UVA light to a compound that is more allergic than the parent compound.delayed hypersentivity rxn, takes time to make antibodies |
| Phototoxicity | drug undergoes photochemical rxn within the skin to cause damage. it is not immune mediated |
| Category I drugs | judged safe and effective |
| Category II drugs | judged unsafe or ineffective |
| Category III drugs | have insufficient data to judge saftey or efficacy |
| OTC med Aspirin precautions | can cause asthma attach in asmatics, not for children with flu symptoms, not for people with impaired Renal function, may increase bleeding time if taken with anticoagulant |
| OTC cough remedies | Sympathomimetic, activate the nervous system; used to contain phenylpropanolamine-thought to increase risk of in hemorrhagic in young women |
| Sleep aid | no to be taken with depressants because can have a addictive depressand effect on the CNS |
| Weight-control aids | contraindicated for people with heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, thyroid disease |
| Enzyme inducers | these are drugs that increase metabolism of another drug by stimulating liver enzymes. promote induction of enzymes |
| examples of enzyme inducers | Barbiturates, increases the metabolism of antipsychotics and theophylline.Warfin dose needs to be increased when taking inducers. |
Created by:
VRoberts
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