Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Philosophy Exam 3
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Altruism | the thesis that one ought to act for the sake of the interests of others, rather than one's own interests alone |
| Autonomy | independence |
| Care Ethics | an approach to moral theory that emphasizes interpersonal relationships and urges the reliance on virtues related to caring as a basis for assessing how to act in specific cases |
| Categorical Imperative | in Kant's philosophy, the moral law, a command that is unqualified and not dependent on any conditions or qualifications |
| Cultural Relativism | the view that cultures, as a matter of fact, have different views about what is morally right and wrong |
| Duty-Defined Morality (Deontology) | the view that moral right and wrong are determined first of all by a conception of a person's duties and obligations |
| Ethical Egoism | the thesis that people ought to act in their own self-interest |
| Good Life | a life well lived; the most desirable way to live |
| Happiness Calculus | a technique developed by Jeremy Bentham to calculate right action in terms of the quantity of pleasure and pain it produces |
| Hedonism | the conception of the good life that takes pleasure to be the ultimate good |
| Intellectual Virtues | the virtues of thinking well in both theoretical and practical matters |
| Maxim | in Kant's moral philosophy, a statement of the principle you would be acting on if you undertook the action you are contemplating |
| Mean | the midpoint between two extremes, criterion of moral virtue |
| Metaethics | the area of moral philosophy that considers the status and role of morality and clarifies moral terms |
| Moral Absolutism | the thesis that at least some moral values and rules are universal |
| Moral Virtues | virtues having to do with ways of acting and conducting oneself |
| Normative Ethics | the area of moral philosophy that is concerned with morality and basic questions of what actions we should perform and what we should refrain from doing |
| Psychological Egoism | the thesis that people always act for their own self-interest, even when it seems as if they are acting for other people's benefit |
| Universalizability | the ability to be applied to everyone without exception |
| Utilitarianism | the moral philosophy that says we should act in such ways as to provide the greatest good for the greatest number of people as we possibly can |
| Virtue | an admirable personal quality, an aspect of good character |
| Virtue Ethics | the view that the central feature in the evaluation of people and their actions should be the character of the agent |
| Anarchy | a state of confusion and social disorder where, in lieu of a ruling government, everyone is allowed to or is able to do whatever he or she wants |
| Authority | legitimate power |
| Civil Rights | entitlements to exercise certain political or social freedoms |
| Cosmopolitanism | the view that we ultimately are all citizens of a global community and that we therefore have moral obligations to those who are not citizens of our own nation or society |
| Distributive Justice | the fair apportionment of goods and services |
| Human Rights | claims to certain treatment and protection by others that one has by virtue of being a human being |
| Libertarianism | a philosophical view that holds the individuals' liberty is fundamentally important and that government must respect its citizens' rights, understood as "negative" rights |
| Monarchy | rule by a single person, who embodies the sovereignty of the state in his or her person |
| Oligarchy | rule by the few |
| Patriarchy | the domination of social institutions by men and the social forces that maintain this arrangement |
| Plutocracy | rule by the rich |
| Retributive Justice | the fair use of punishment |
| Right | a claim or entitlement justified by law, custom, or morality |
| Social Contract | an agreement, tacit or explicit, between all members of society, in which each citizen gives up certain rights and privileges in return for the protection and mutual advantage of society |
| Theocracy | rule by the most powerful religious people |
| Tyranny | rule by those who wield their power oppressively and abusively |
| Utopia | a vision of the ideal society, usually without much indication about how one could possibly get there |
Created by:
MOWGaming04
Popular Miscellaneous sets