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Unit 3 TEST
the girls
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Solid | definite volume and shape, close together, vibrate, move slowly, fixed position |
| Liquid | definite volume, takes shape of container, moves rapidly, closely packed |
| Gas | indefinite/changing volume and shake, expands to fit room or container, moves quickly, constantly moving, free to move in air |
| Plasma | indefinite/changing volume and shape, starts as a gas and becomes ionized, broken apart |
| ex.) stars, northern lights, planets | |
| Endothermic | a physical or chemical change that requires energy to occur ex.) melting, evaporating, sublimation |
| Exothermic | a physical or chemical change that releases energy ex.) condensation, freezing |
| Condensation | atoms/molecules come together and move quickly |
| Sublimation | atoms/molecules expand and move quickly |
| Boiling | atoms/molecules expand and moves faster as temperature increases |
| Freezing | atoms/molecules are close together, loses energy, and moves slow |
| Evaporation vs. Boiling | evaporation is slow and it doesn’t need a specific temperature and it happens on the surface, boiling is a quick process and it needs a specific temperature (212 degrees fahrenheit) and it happens throughout |
| Law of Conservation of Mass | mass cannot be created or destroyed |
| Law of Conservation of Energy | energy cannot be created or destroyed |
| Remider* | don’t forget to add the measure at the end of equations |
| Kinetic Theory of Matter | all matter is made up of atoms and molecules that act like tiny particles, matter is always in motion |
| Kinetic Theory of Matter- continued | the higher the temperature the faster particles will move, at the same temperature more massive (heavier) particles will move slower than less massive (lighter) particles |
| Charles’s Law | decrease in temperature, decrease in volume |
| Gay-Lussac’s Law | increase in pressure, increase in temperature |
| Pascal’s Principle | a change in pressure at any point in an enclosed fluid will be transmitted equally to all parts of the fluid |
| Pascal | the SI unit of pressure |
| Ionized | electrically charged |
| Temperature | the total kinetic energy of a substance’s atoms or molecules |
| Gas Laws | the mathematical relationship between the volume, temperature, pressure, and quantity of a gas |
| Viscosity | the resistance of a gas or liquid to flow |
| Thermal Energy | the energy of a body arising from the motion of its atoms or molecules |
| Energy | the capacity to do work; ability to change or move matter |
| Buoyant Force | the upward force that keeps an object immersed in or floating on a fluid |
| Fluid | a nonsolid state of matter in which the atoms or molecules are free to move past each other ex.) gas or liquid |
| Pressure Formula | P = F/A |
| Boyle’s Law Formula | P1 x V1 = P2 x V2 |
| Charles’s Law Formula | V1 / T1 = V2 / T2 |
| Significant Figures* | don’t count zeros at the beginning of a number |
| Boyle’s Law | increase in volume, decrease in pressure |
Created by:
haleylorenson
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