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Chapter 13 Terms
Terms for Ch. 13 Pharmacy Technician 7th edition
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Blocker | Another term for an antagonist drug, which block the action of neurotransmitters. |
| Homeostasis | The state of equilibrium of the body. |
| Mimetic | Another term for an agonist, which imitate the action of neurotransmitters. |
| Neurotransmitter | Chemicals released by nerves that interact with receptors to cause an effect. |
| NSAIDs | NonSteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs |
| ASA / APAP | Aspirin / Acetaminophen |
| Analgesia | State in which pain is not felt even though a painful condition exists. |
| Antipyretic | Reduces fever |
| Bactericidal | Bacteria killing |
| Bacteriostatic | Bacteria inhibiting |
| Protease Inhibitor | Antiviral used for HIV that blocks the enzyme responsible for viral replication |
| Lymphocyte | Type of white blood cell that helps the body defend against bacteria and diseased cells. |
| Metastasized | When cancer cells spread beyond their original site. |
| Neoplasm | New and abnormal tissue growth, often referring to cancer cells. |
| Remission | State in which cancer cells are inactive. |
| Arrhythmia | Abnormal heart rhythm |
| Cardiac Cycle | The contraction and relaxation of the heart. |
| Diastolic Pressure | Minimum blood pressure when the heart relaxes; Second number in a blood pressure reading. |
| Systolic Pressure | Maximum blood pressure when the heart contracts; first number in a blood pressure reading. |
| Electrocardiogram (EKG / ECG) | Graph of the heart's rhythms. |
| Embolism, Embolus | Clot that has traveled in the bloodstream to a point where it obstructs flow. |
| Myocardium | Heart muscle |
| Thrombus | Blood clot |
| Dermatological | Product used to treat a skin condition |
| Integumentary System | Body covering (example: skin, hair, and nails) |
| Anions | Negatively charged particles |
| Cations | Positively charged particles |
| Dissociation | When a compound breaks down and separates into smaller components. |
| Electrolytes | Substances that in solutions form ions that conduct an electrical current. |
| Extracellular Fluid | Fluid outside the body's individual cells found in plasma and tissue fluid. |
| Interstitial Fluid | Tissue fluid |
| Intracellular Fluid | Cell fluid |
| Ions | Electrically charged particles. |
| Chyme | Semi-liquid form of food as it enters the intestinal tract. |
| Peristalsis | Wavelike motion of the intestines that moves food through them. |
| Anemia | Decrease in hemoglobin (red blood cells). |
| Clotting Factors | Factors in the blood coagulation process. |
| Fibrin | Fiber that serves as the structure for clot formation. |
| Fibrinogen | Factor 1 |
| Hematopoietics | Drugs used to treat anemia. |
| Hemostatic Drugs | Drugs that prevent excessive bleeding. |
| Endocrine System | System of glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream. |
| Hormones | Chemicals produced by the body that regulate body functions and processes. |
| Hyper- and Hypo- | Hyper - overactive, too much Hypo - underactive, too little |
| Corticosteroid | Hormonal steroid substances produced by the cortex of the adrenal gland. |
| Diabetes Mellitus | Condition in which the body does not produce enough insulin or is unable to use it efficiently. |
| Glucagon | Hormone that helps convert amino acids to glucose. |
| Insulin | Hormone that controls the body's use of glucose. |
| Islands (or islets) of Langerhans | Specialized cells of the pancreas that secrete insulin. |
| Serum Glucose | Blood Sugar |
| Androgens | Male sex characteristic hormones |
| Estrogens | Female sex characteristic hormones that are involved in calcium and phosphorus conservation. |
| Progesterone | Female sex characteristic hormone involved in ovulation prevention. |
| Testosterone | The primary Androgen. |
| Gout | Painful Inflammatory condition in which excess uric acid accumulates in the joints. |
| Osteoarthritis | Disorder characterized by weight-bearing bone deterioration, decreasing range of motion, and causing pain and deformity. |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | Disease in which the body's immune system attacks joint tissue. |
| Uricosuric Drugs | Drugs used to treat gout that increase the elimination of uric acid. |
| Conjunctivitis | inflammation of the conjunctiva (eyelid lining) |
| Glaucoma | Abnormally high pressure within the eye, leading to optic nerve damage and loss of vision. |
| Intaocular | Inside the eye. |
| Mydriatics | Drugs that dilate the pupil. |
| Asthma | Chronic airway inflammation related to stimuli hyper-responsiveness; resulting in wheezing, potentially acute spasms, and breathlessness. |
| Allergy | Allergic response to food, drugs, animals, insect bites, pollens, or dust. |
| Emphysema | Chronic airway obstruction due to lung hyperinflation and diminished oxygen intake, characterized by breathlessness and flushed color. |
| Croup | Inflammation of the upper airway associated with a barking cough. |
| Bronchitis | Infection producing excess mucus in the bronchial tree that makes breathing difficult. |
| COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) | Abnormal lung function that generally encompasses both Emphysema and Chronic Bronchitis. |
| Pneumonia | Infectious process of either bacterial or viral origin whereby fluid accumulates in the lungs causing inadequate or impossible air exchange at the alveolar level. |
Created by:
CMEllis
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