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🩷Sci vocab🩷

QuestionAnswer
Dominant allele The allele that is expressed.
Allele One of two alternative forms of a gene that arise by mutation.
Gene Unit of heredity, transfurred from parent to offspring.
Purebred (Of an animal) parents are of the same breed.
Fertilization AG complex multi-step process that is complete in 24 hours
Genetics Certain qualities or traits passed from parents to offspring.
Trait A characteristic
Heredity Geneticaly passing mental traits from one generation to another.
Recessive allele Allele that is dominated by the dominant allele
Hybrid The offspring of two plants or animals of different species.
Punnett square Square diagram that is used to predict the genotypes of a particular cross or breeding experiment.
Phenotype Set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment.
Genotype The genetic constitution of an individual organism.
Homozygous Two identical alleles of a particular gene(s).
Heterozygous Two different alleles of a particular gene(s).
Incomplete dominance When neither trait is truly dominant over the other.
Codominance Alleles of the same gene are expressed separately to yield different traits in an individual.
Multiple alleles Three or more possible alleles for one individual trait.
Polygenic inheritance A characteristic, such as height or skin color, that is influenced by two or more genes.
Messenger RNA Genetic material that tells your body how to make proteins.
Transfer RNA RNA consisting of folded molecules which transport amino acids from the cytoplasm of a cell to a ribosome.
Mutation The action or process of mutating.
Sex chromosomes That in combination determine the sex of an individual.
Sex-linked gene Characteristics (or traits) that are influenced by genes carried on the sex chromosomes.
Carrier Person who can pass an inherited (genetic) disease on to their children but who does not have the disease.
Genetic disorder The protein that does not work properly or is missing entirely.
Pedigree A table or list showing the line of ancestors of a person or animal.
Karyotype An individual's complete set of chromosomes.
Selective breeding Choosing parents with particular characteristics to breed together and produce offspring with more desirable.
Inbreeding Breed from closely related people or animals.
Hybridization The process in which two complementary single-stranded DNA and/or RNA molecules bond together to form a double-stranded molecule.
Clone Organism or cell, or group of organisms or cells, produced asexually from one ancestor or stock, to which they are genetically identical.
Genetic engineering A process that uses laboratory-based technologies to alter the DNA makeup of an organism.
Gene therepy A technique that uses a gene(s) to treat, prevent or cure a disease or medical disorder.
Genome The haploid set of chromosomes in a gamete or microorganism, or in each cell of a multicellular organism.
Ethics moral principles that govern a person's behavior or the conducting of an activity.
Meiosis A type of cell division in sexually reproducing organisms that reduces the number of chromosomes in gametes.
Crossing Over A cellular process that happens during meiosis when chromosomes of the same type are lined up.
Zygote A diploid cell resulting from the fusion of two haploid gametes; a fertilized ovum.
Gametes A mature haploid male or female germ cell which is able to unite with another of the opposite sex in sexual reproduction to form a zygote.
Protein Synthesis The creation of proteins by cells that uses DNA, RNA, and various enzymes.
Autosomal Chromosomes One of the numbered chromosomes, as opposed to the sex chromosomes.
Created by: parfait cookie
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