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8th Grade Chapter 4

Elements and the Periodic Table

QuestionAnswer
most metals are NOT liquid at room temperature
radioactive isotopes called tracers can be used to detect some medical problems
scientists use powerful machines called particle accelerators to make most synthetic elements
metals show a wide range of chemical properties
in an atom, the number of protons equals the number of electrons
particles that are lost, gained, or shared in chemical reactions are electrons
elements in a column of the periodic table have similar properties
metalloids share characteristics with both metals and nonmetals
radioactivity the spontaneous emission of radiation from an unstable atomic nucleus
transition metals include familiar metals such as gold, silver, copper, and nickel
French scientist, Henri Becquerel, discovered radioactive decay
a piece of paper will provide protection from alpha radiation
noble gases are elements that do not ordinarily form compounds
an element's properties can be predicted from its location in the periodic table
to be ductile a material can be pulled out, or drawn, into a long wire
two most common alkaline earth metals are calcium and magnesium
electrons a particle in an atom with a negative electric charge
in radiation therapy unhealthy human cells are destroyed
Mendeleev created the first periodic table by arranging elements in order of increasing atomic mass
fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine are part of a family called halogens
during radioactive decay, atomic nuclei of unstable isotopes give off nuclear radiation
the number of protons in an atom is indicated by the element's atomic number
metals contain the most elements
a supernova a natural event that provides enough energy for the nuclear fusion reactions that create the heaviest elements
the most reactive metals are found in Group 1, the first column on the left
bromine a liquid at room temperature
radioactive isotopes give off radiation
Created by: Mrs. Gordon
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