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Adrenergic NS
Adreneergic Nervous System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| alpha 1 receptor location | post synaptically vascular + genitourinary, radial smooth muscle heart liver |
| Alpha 1 receptor signaling | Gq, increase intracellular Ca2+ |
| Alpha 1 receptor function | increase peripheral resistance, urinary retention, dilation of pupil increase force + excitability of heart stimulate gluconeogenesis + glycogenolysis |
| Alpha 2 receptor location | pre synaptically: nerve terminalsPost synaptically: pancreatic Beta cells, vascular smooth muscles, platelets |
| Alpha 2 receptor signaling | Gi/Go, decrease cAMP levels |
| Alpha 2 receptor functions | inhibit release of NE (feedback inhibition)decrease insulin secretion, muscle contractionstimulate platelet aggregation |
| Beta 1 receptor location | heart renal juxtaglomerular cells |
| Beta 1 receptor signaling | Gs, increases cAMP levelsEpinephrine = norepinephrine |
| Beta 1 receptor function | increased chronotropy, inotropy, AV node conduction velocity (rate, force, BP)increased renin secretion |
| Beta 2 receptor location | smooth and skeletal muscle |
| Beta 2 receptor signaling | Gs, increases cAMP levelsEpinephrine>Norepinephrine |
| Beta 2 receptor function | smooth muscle relaxationglycogen catabolism in liver = increased plasma glucosestimulates glycogenolysis in skeletal muscles |
| Beta 3 receptor location | adipose tissue |
| Beta 3 receptor signaling | Gs, increases cAMP levels |
| Beta 3 receptor function | lipolysis |
| Physiological effects on blood vessels | a receptors=vasoconstrictionB receptors vasodilation |
| Effects on heart | B1 positive inotropic + chronotropic effects |
| effects on blood pressure | a receptors = increase baroreceptor reflex via AchB receptors = increase systolic, decrease diastolic via B2 |
| effects on radial muscles | a receptors = mydriasis (pupil dilation) |
| effects on intra ocular pressure | a receptors = incresae outflow of aqueous humorB receptors = increase aqueous humor production |
| drugs used to treat glaucoma | a-agonistB-antagonist |
| effects on bronchial muscles | B2 = bronchodilation |
| effects on blood vessels of upper respiratory tract mucose | a receptors = vasoconstriction (nasal decongestant) |
| effects on GI tract smooth muscle | a2 + B2 = relaxation (a2 more significant) |
| effects on uterine smooth msucle | B2 = relaxation (delay labor) |
| effecst on other smooth muscle | a receptors = urinary retention, ejaculation |
| effects on adipose tissue | a2 receptors = inhibit lipolysisB3 = stimulate lipolysis |
| effects on liver | B + a1 receptors = glycogenolysis (increase blood glucose) |
| effects on pancreatic cells | a2 receptors = inhibit insulin releaseB receptors = stimulate insulin release |
| effects on renal cells | a2 = inhibit renin releaseB1 = stimulate renin release |
| epinephrine (sympathomimetic + catecholamine) | a + B agonist (all types) |
| norepinephrine (sympathomimetic + catecholamine) | a1, a2, B1 agonist (not for asthma) |
| dopamine (sympathomimetic + catecholamine) | B (moderate dose), & a (high dose) agonist |
| isopretenrenol (sympathomimetic + catecholamine) | B1 & B2 agonist |
| dobutamine (sympathomimetic + catecholamine) | B1 agonist, a1 effects at high doses |
| phenylephrine (sympathomimetic + non-catecholamine) | a1 agonist |
| oxymetazoline (sympathomimetic + non-catecholamine) | a1 & a2 agonist |
| yohimbine & clonidine (sympathomimetic + non-catecholamine) | a2 agonist |
| xsmoterol (sympathomimetic + non-catecholamine) | B1 agonist |
| albuterol, terbutaline, ritodrine, salmetrol, formoterol (sympathomimetic + non-catecholamine) | B2 agonist |
| Ephedrine uses (a1, B1, B2) | bronchospasm (emergency sub cutaneous)glaucoma (increases outflow of aqueous humor)anaphylactic shock (cadiac arrest)adjunct to local anesthetic ( increase duration of action, decrease toxicity) |
| Norepinephrine uses (a1, B1) | shock (increases vascular resistance, increases BP)not really used anymore |
| Isopreterenol uses (B1, B2) | stimulate hear tin emergency situationsNot really used anymore |
| Dopamine uses (a, B) | shock (D1 receptor increase vascular resistance) |
| Dobutamine uses (B1) | increase CO in CHF |
| Phenylephrine uses (a1) | vasoconstriction via increase baroreceptor response, increase parasympathetic, decrease bradycardiamydriasisdecongestantSVT |
| Methoxamine uses (a1) | vasoconstriction (increases BP)SVTovercome halothane induced HYPOtension |
| Clonidine uses (a2) | HTN |
| Albuterol, pibuterol, terbutaline uses (B2) | short acting bronchodilatior (acute asthma attack) |
| Salmeterol, Formoterol uses (B2) | long acting bronchodilators, chronic asthma, before sleep |
| Indirect acting sympathomimetics | amphetamine, cocaine, tyrmaine (MAOI) |
| Mixed acting sympathomimetic | ephedrine |
| Amphetamines | non catecholamine, inhibits MAOstimulates via DA --> NEincreased alertness, decreased fatigue, appetite and sleepincreases BP via a + B via NEADHD, narcolepsy, appetite control |
| cocaine | indirect acting sympathomimeticblocks reuptake of catecholamines (increases DOA)CNS stimulant, euphoria via DA in limbic systemshorter acting than amphet. more intenselocal anesthetic (not used anymore) |
| ephedrine | mixed acting sympathomimetic, non catecholaminereleases stored NE/catecholaminesdirectly stimulates a & B receptorsmild CNS stimulantincrease BP via a and B actionweak bronchodilatorasthma (prophylaxis, acute)nasal decongestant |
Created by:
pete74500
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