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Psychology
Chapter 12
Question | Answer |
---|---|
1.motivation | an internal state that activates behavior and directs it toward a goal |
2.instincts | innate tendencies that determine behavior |
3.drive | a state of tension produced by a need that motivates an organism toward a goal |
4.homeostasis | the tendency of all organisms to correct imbalances and deviations from their normal state |
5.incentive | an external stimulus, reinforcer, or reward that motivates behavior |
6.extrinsic motivation | engaging in activities that either reduce biological needs or help us obtain external incentives |
7.intrinsic motivation | engaging in activities because they are personally rewarding or because they fulfill our beliefs and expectations |
8. lateral hypothalamus (LH) | the part of the hypothalamus that produces hunger signals |
9. ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) | the part of the hypothalamus that can cause one to stop eating |
10. fundamental needs | biological drives that must be satisfied to maintain life |
11.psychological needs | the urge to belong and to give and receive love, and the urge to acquire esteem |
12.self-actualization needs | the pursuit of knowledge and beauty or whatever else is required for the realization of one’s unique potential |
13. emotion | a set of complex reactions to stimuli involving subjective feelings, physiological arousal, and observable behavior |