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more science
physical science
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| newtons first law of motion | every object continues in a state of rest or of uniform speed in a straight line unless acted on by a nonzero force. often called the law of inertia |
| define inertia | if an object is moving it continues to move without changing speed or direction |
| newtons 2 law | the acceleration produced by a net force on a object is directly proportional to the net force, is in the same direction as the net force, and is inversely proportional to the mass of the object |
| mathematical equation for acceleration | accel = net force over mass a=n/m |
| symbol for acceleration due to gravity | a lower case g |
| what is the ratio that causes free falling objects to fall at constant g? | ratio of weight to mass |
| air resistance depends on what? | speed and surface area |
| what is terminal velocity? | when you can't fall any faster. acceleration stops. 150- 200 km/h |
| simple since of force | a push or pull |
| broad since of force | part of an interaction between 2 forces |
| an interaction requires how many forces? | two forces/ a pair of forces |
| what opposes motion between surfaces that are touching? | friction |
| the ----- is the unit of force | newton |
| what is determined by combining forces | net force |
| acceleration is the rate at which what changes | speed |
| what is a measure of the gravitational force on an object | weight |
| a force | is expressed in newtons, can cause an object to speed up, slow down, or change direction. |
| how is it possible to be accelerating and traveling at a constant speed? | only changing direction and not speed |
| the difference between weight and mass. | mass never changes while weight changes based on gravity |
| newtons 3rd law of motion | whenever one object exerts a force on a second object, the second object exerts an equal and opposite force on the first |
| what are two forces called? | action and reaction forces |
| what are two forces equal in? | strength |
| what are two forces opposite in? | direction |
| what is the rule for identifying action and reaction forces? | identify interaction (object A interacts with object B) action: object A exerts a force on object B reaction: object B exerts a force on object A |
| why doesn't a cannon move as fast and as far as the cannon ball? | the mass isn't the same, the cannon is heavier. |
| what are internal forces? | a force inside an object |
| what type of forces are needed in a system for the object to move? | a non-zero external net force |
| what is lift? | upward force that acts on a object |
| what is force | a push or pull |
| define speed | how quickly something moves |
| define velocity | speed and direction of an object |
| define equilibrium | a state of rest due to equal opposite forces |
| define tension | a stretching force |
| define mass | a measure of the inertia of a material object |
| define weight | the force upon an object due to gravity |
| define volume | the amount of space an object takes up |
| define acceleration | the rate of change in velocity |
| define air resistance | friction between the air and an object falling through the air |
| define friction | a force that occurs between two objects, resists motion. |
| define free fall | when all forces except gravity cancel out so that gravity is the only force acting on the object |
| define terminal velocity | the maximum speed an object can fall at |
| define support force | the upward force that balances the weight of an object |
| define interaction | two or more things acting on each other |
| define lift | a force that acts opposite of motion through the air |
| what is the difference between static and dynamic equilibrium | S and D have zero net force. S is zero because not moving. D is zero because its moving at a constant speed and direction. |
| motion is ----- | relitive |
| what is g? | gravitational force |
| what is the difference between mass, weight, and volume? | mass is the amount of matter in an object. weight is the measurement of gravity on an object volume is the amount of space an object takes up |
| what is the relationship of mass and acceleration? | an inverse relationship when one goes up the other goes down |
| what are the types of forces | 1. applied -contact force. horizontal 2. gravitational weight. always downward 3.normal support force always perpendicular 4. tension stretching force in direction of the rope 5.friction contact force opposing motion. 6. air motion through air |
| how to find net force | add up the forces on the object |
| difference between internal and external forces | INT- a force from inside the object EXT- a force from outside the object |
| equation for speed | speed = distance over time s=d/t |
| 1 equation for acceleration | acceleration = change in velocity over time a=v^/t |
| 2 equation for acceleration | acceleration = force over mass a=f/m |
| how do interaction forces act on different masses and on different objects? | the objects are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction, yet the object with less mass receives the greatest acceleration. |
| when a space shuttle travels in a nearly circular orbit around earth, is a force required to maintain its high speed? if suddenly the force of gravity were cut off, what type of path would the shuttle follow? | no force is in the direction of the shuttles motion exists. the shuttle moves by its own inertia it would move in a straight line |
| in a vacuum, a coin and a feather fall equally, side by side. would it be correct to say that equal forces of gravity act on both the coin and the feather in a vacuum? | no, the objects accelerate equally, because the ratio of their weight to masses are equal. |
| a skydiver jumps from a high-flying helicopter. as she falls faster and faster through the air, does her acceleration increase, decrease, or remain the same. | acceleration decreases because the net force on the skydiver decreases. newtons second law is in motion |
| a car accelerates along a road. identify the force that moves the car. identify the action reaction forces for the case of an object in free fall. | its the road that pushes the car along. the tires push the road and the road pushes the car forward. action: the earth interacts with the falling object via gravity reaction: the falling object pulls the earth upward |
| what are the 2 ways that Aristotle classified motion? what is the difference between the two? | natural motion, and violent motion. n= natural movements- smoke rising, stars moving V= a pushing/pulling force |
| what are two assertions of Aristotle that were held for 2000 years? | heavy objects fell faster than light objects moving objects needed forces exerted on the to keep moving |
| what did Galileo believe was superior to logic? | testing the hypothesis experimenting |
| what is the standard unit of mass? | kilograms |
| what is the scientific unit of weight? | newtons |
| what does it mean to de directly proportional? | if you change one thing the other changes proportionally |
| what is the difference between force and net force? | force =a push / pull net force= all the forces that affect the motion |
| what 2 quantities make up a vector quantity? how is it represented? | magnitude and direction as an arrow the length shows magnitude and the direction shows direction |
| what is the equilibrium rule? what symbol is used for equilibrium? | the vector sum of force the two forces on a object are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction shows the direction of quantaty |
| what is a support force also known as? | a normal force |
| when does friction occur? | when one object rubs against another |
| when does air resistance occur? | when an object falls downward through the air |
| friction always acts in what direction? | the one that opposes motion |
| the amount of friction between two surfaces depends on what 2 things? | the types of material and the pressure on them |
| what units are used for speed? | miles per hour, kilometer per hour, seconds per hour |
| what type of speed does a speedometer measure? | instantaneous speed |
| average speed vrs. instantaneous speed? | i s= your speed at any given time a s= your overall speed |
| how does Galileo define acceleration? | the rate of change in velocity |
| what is the precise measurement of the acceleration of free fall? | 9.8 m/s^2 |
| n/kg always equal what? | m/s^2 meters per second sqared |
| Colossians 1 16-17 | for by him all things were created: things in heaven and things on earth, visible and invisible, whether thrones or powers or rulers or authorities; all things were created by him and for him. he is before all things, and in him all things hold together. |
| m/s over s always equal what | m/s^2 |
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ghost.is.boo
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