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RTE Week 4 Test
RTE Week 4 Test and quiz study guide
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the functions of Blood | Transport of cells and compound, regulate ph & electrolytes, limit blood loss, defend against pathogens, and regulate body temp |
| Describe the pH of Blood | Slightly alkaline (7.4 average) |
| What is the unique composition of whole blood consist of | Plasma (liquid component) and formed elements |
| Plasma is a concentrations of what | Dissolved gases and proteins |
| What is the most abundant protein in plasma | Albumins |
| Plasma needs what protein for blood clotting | Fibrinogen |
| What is a biconcave disc with a thin central region, a thick outer margin and no nucleus | Erythrocytes (RBC) |
| Fresh whole blood is usually collected from a | Superficial vein |
| What is the composition of blood | Cell fragments, plasma, blood cells, and formed elements |
| Where are red blood cells formed | Only in the red bone marrow |
| Another name for Red Blood Cells (RBCs) | Erythrocytes |
| What percentage of the whole blood volume (solid) is RBCs | 45% |
| What is the life span of a RBC | 4 months (120 days) |
| What is the globular protein composition of a RBC | protein chain 4 and heme 4 |
| How many ions of iron does the heme molecule hold | One |
| What protein stimulates the production of RBCs by the bone marrow | Erythropoietin (EPO) |
| When is EPO released | When there are decreased oxygen levels |
| What are small membrane enclosed packets of cytoplasmic fragments that contain enzymes and factors important to blood clotting | Platelets |
| During formation RBCs lose most of their organelles including | Mitochondria, ribosomes, and nuclei |
| Where are WBC stem cells produced | Bone marrow |
| What do WBCs help defend the body against | Pathogens, toxins, wastes, abnormal cells, and damaged cells |
| What is the atrioventricular valve that is located on the side of the heart that receives the superior vena cava is the | Tricuspid valve |
| Blood vessels in the cardiovascular system are subdivide into the | Pulmonary circuit and Systemic circuit |
| Carries blood away from the heart and carries it to the capillaries | Arteries |
| Discharges blood into the pulmonary circuit (lungs) | Right Ventricle |
| The skeleton of the heart consists of | Fibrous connective tissue that concircle the bases of the large blood vessels and each of the heart valves |
| Receives blood from the lungs (pulmonary circuit) | Left atrium |
| Anchors the heart to surrounding structures | Pericardium |
| Covers the outer surface of the heart | Visceral Pericardium |
| Another name for the visceral pericardium | epicardium |
| loose fitting sac around the heart | Parietal pericardium |
| The function of the atrium is to | Collect blood |
| Valve located between the left atrium and left ventricule | Bicuspid or mitral |
| The wall of the heart has three distinct layers what are they | Epicardium, myocardium, and endocardium |
| Folds of fibrous tissue that ensures a one-way flow of blood from the atria into the ventricules | atrioventriuclar (AV) valve |
| What is the function of the fibrous skeleton | Maintains shape, isolate muscles, and distribut force |
| What arteries branch from the base of the aorta | Coronary arteries |
| Average pressure on the right ventricle is | Considerably lower |
| During the electrical activity of the heart when will there be a ventricular depolaization | QRS complex |
| What is the max rate of contraction in normal cardiac muscle fibers | 200 |
| Have the highest blood flow | Arteries |
| Where does chemical and gases exchange between the blood and interstitial fluid occur | Capillaries |
| Which part of the arteries and veins contains the muscle layer | Tunica media |
| Thick walled vessels with a degree of distensibility | Elastic arteries |
| Blood flow through the circulation system is affected by | Viscosity of blood, friction, length & diameter of vessels, and pressure differences |
| Blood pressure pressure in the systemic arteries is greatest during | Ventricular systole |
| Cardiovascular functions are regulated by | Venous return, neural factors, and endocrine factors |
| Baroreceptors involved in cardiovascular regulation are located in the | Carotid sinuses |
| Celiac artery provides blood to the | Liver and spleen |
| Supplies blood to parts of the digestive tract | Superior mesenteri artery (SMA) |
| Artery that supplies blood to the brain | Vertebral |
| Pulse point on the wrist | Radial artery |
| After passing the first rib, the subclavian artery turns into the | Axillary artery |
| The vessels that permit exchange of materials between the cells and blood are termed | Capillaries |
| The pacemaker cells of the heart are located in the | SA node (Sinoatrial node) |
| Blood from the systemic circulation returns to the heart by the way of the | Venae cavae |
| Which of the following is the top number in a blood pressure reading | Systolic pressure |
| Which of the following blood vessels hold the greatest volume of blood | Veins |
| At the level of the first rib, the axillary vein becomes the | Subclavian vein |
| The radial and ulnar veins fuse to form the | brachial vein |
| Near the level of vertebral L4, the aorta branches to form the | Common iliac arteries |
| The ____ divides the aorta into a superior and thoracic aorta and inferior abdominal aorta | Diaphragm |
| The internal carotids and the basilar artery are interconnected by an anastomosis called the | Circle of Willis |
| what carries blood away from the heart | Arteries |
| What carries blood back to the heart | Veins |
| In the upper arm the axillary becomes the | Brachial artery |
| Blood pressure is the highest in the | Artery |
| Blood type is determined by or absence of a specific | Antigens |
| On the outside surface of RBC | agglutinogens |
| Three phases in hemostasis | vascular, platelet, coagulation phases |
| compression of the heart that occurs when blood or fluid builds up in the space between the myocardium and the pericardium. | Cardiac Tamponada |
| is a medical procedure to obtain safe access to blood vessels and other hollow organs. | Seldinger tech. |
| oil based iodine used in this procedure | lympthangiogram |
| Opposite the carotid arteries in the venous system | Internal and external jugular |
Created by:
Joker71
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