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Lecture 5B- Vision

QuestionAnswer
Bottom-up sensory inputs to perception
Top down cognitive factors influence perception (prefrontal cortex)
Constancies unconscious process that preserves perception
Color constancy objects appear to remain the same color in different lighting
Size constancy when the retinal image changes, people unconsciously assume that size remains constant, and consider the distance an object is from them
Similarity features which are similar are grouped together as part of the same object
Proximity features which are closer together are part of the same object
Good continuation shapes that are continuous are more likely to be part of the same object
Closure gaps in the image
Binocular disparity differences in the image of an object provide info at depth
Interposition when one object obscures another, which causes the object that is partially covered to appear more distant
Linear perspective parallel lines that recede into the distance appear to get closer or converge
Texture gradients gradual change in appearance of objects from coarse to fine, with coarser objects appearing closer than fine
Motion parallax when we are moving, objects that are closer appear to be moving faster
Optic flow directional movement of objects create an appearance of a change in depth/motion
simple orientation tuning cells preferential firing for not just orientation but location
complex orientation tuning cells preferential firing for orientation but not location
V1 (primary visual cortex) simple center surround
V2/V3 (secondary/tertiary visual cortex) orientation tuning/complex tuning
V4 color processing
inferior temporal cortex object processing
Mediotemporal/ V5 motion
serial processing unidirectional, brain activity moves from point to point
parallel processing brain activity occurring at the same time
Created by: Rianagrani
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