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Describe the following types of autopsies:
A)Forensic:
B)Clinical/Pathological:
A)Forensic:
B)Clinical/Pathological:
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When is an autopsy performed?
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PBS UNIT (1.2.1) – M
PBS UNIT (1.2.1) – MEDICAL INVESTIGATION STUDY GUIDE EXAM #2 (MICHELLE)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Describe the following types of autopsies: A)Forensic: B)Clinical/Pathological: | A)Forensic: includes an external examination of the body B)Clinical/Pathological: done to diagnose the disease that has caused the death, may be done even if the disease is known prior to death |
| When is an autopsy performed? | Death is suspicious or unexpected; there is a public health concern. (such as death by infectious disease), or upon family request Who performs an autopsy? |
| Who performs an autopsy? | medical examiner |
| Describe the key components of an autopsy: | 1-tools 2-Features of identity: 3-Brain 4-Internal examination: 5-Documentation: 6-External documentation 7-Stomach content: 8-Sample collection: |
| Describe the key components of an autopsy: A-tools: | A) Tools: Various saws, scissors, needles, and other tools are available to complete the internal examination as well as stitch up the body after the autopsy is concluded |
| Describe the key components of an autopsy: B-Features of identity: | B) Identity features are noted - including tattoos, birthmarks, or other identifying marks. ID by personal documents (such as a license) or friends/relatives are also noted. |
| Describe the key components of an autopsy: c-Brain | C)The brain is checked for signs of injury. It is then removed from the skull, weighed, and examined. |
| Describe the key components of an autopsy: d-internal examination: | D) Internal examination: The first cut extends from each shoulder to the center of the chest and down the center of the body. This is known as a "Y incision". Organs are examined in place and removed to be examined and weighed. It consists of: a-incising the body b-inspecting the various organ c-examining the cavities systemically d- weighing and measuring the organs e-checking for any photology f-putting all the organs back in and padding g-Suturing the body. |
| Describe the key components of an autopsy: E-Documentation: | e)Documentation: Photographs are taken to document the injury, identification features, and the decomposition state. |
| Describe the key components of an autopsy: F-external documentation: | F) External documentation: A description of the body is recorded (hair color, eye color, sex, etc.), and it is measured and weighed. Evidence of external injury is noted. |
| Describe the key components of an autopsy: G-Stomach content: | G) Stomach content: The stomach contents are examined. The identity and degree of digestion of foods (or other items such as pills) are determined. This analysis may help determine the time of death |
| What is meant by "grossing"? | Visually inspecting the organs or tissues and describing what is seen is referred to as “grossing” or gross examination. This view provides clues even before the microscopic examination is completed. |
| Describe the 3 factors related to death: | 1-Cause of death: the specific injury, trauma, or disease that directly caused the victim’s death, gunshot wound, pneumonia 2-Mechanism of death: what happens physiologically (inside the body) to result in death, exsanguination (extreme blood loss), cessation of brain function 3-Manner of death: the circumstance that results in death, which is designated as natural or unnatural (homicide) (natural accident) |
| Unnatural deaths are further categorized into______,_______, Or__________. | accident__, __homicide_____, or ___undetermined______. |
| State the FUNCTION of the human body systems: (10 )systems, what are they, and what are their functions? | 1-integumentary 2-skeletal 3-muscular 4-nervous 5-cardiovascular 6-raspiratory 7-digestive 8-urinary 9-endocrine 10-reproductive |
| State the FUNCTION of the human body systems: 1-integumentary: | 1-Integumentary: -Guards against infection and injury and ultraviolet radiation from the sun -helps to regulate body temperature |
| State the FUNCTION of the human body systems: 2-skeletal: | 2-Skeletal: -Supports the body - Protects internal organs -allows movements -stores mineral reserves -contains cells that produce blood cells |
| State the FUNCTION of the human body systems: 3-muscular: | 3-Muscular: -Works with skeletal systems to produce voluntary movement -helps to circulate blood and move food through the digestive system. |
| State the FUNCTION of the human body systems: 4-Nervous: | 4-Nervous: -recognizes and coordinates the body's response to changes in its internal and external environment. |
| State the FUNCTION of the human body systems: 5-Cardiovascular: | 5-Cardiovascular -to deliver oxygen and nutrients and to remove carbon dioxide and other waste products -Transport, protection, regulation |
| State the FUNCTION of the human body systems: 6-Respiratory: | 6-Respiratory: -Brings oxygen needed for cellular respiration and removes excess carbon dioxide from the body. |
| State the FUNCTION of the human body systems: 7-Digestive: | 7-Digestive: -breaks down food -absorbs nutrients -eliminates waste |
| State the FUNCTION of the human body systems: 8-Urinary: | 8-Urinary: Eliminate waste from the body, regulates water balance of the blood |
| State the FUNCTION of the human body systems: 9-Endocrine: | 9-Endorince: -Eliminates waste products from the body. |
| State the FUNCTION of the human body systems: 10-Reproductive: | 10-Reproductive: -Produces gametes in females -nurtures and protects developing embryo |
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