PBS UNIT (1.2.1) – MEDICAL INVESTIGATION STUDY GUIDE EXAM #2 (MICHELLE)
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| Describe the following types of autopsies: A)Forensic: B)Clinical/Pathological: | A)Forensic: includes an external examination of the body
B)Clinical/Pathological: done to diagnose the disease that has caused the death, may be done even if the disease is known prior to death
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| When is an autopsy performed? | Death is suspicious or unexpected; there is a public health concern. (such as death by infectious disease), or upon family request
Who performs an autopsy?
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| Who performs an autopsy? | medical examiner
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| Describe the key components of an autopsy: | 1-tools
2-Features of identity:
3-Brain
4-Internal examination:
5-Documentation:
6-External documentation
7-Stomach content:
8-Sample collection:
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| Describe the key components of an autopsy: A-tools: | A) Tools: Various saws, scissors, needles, and other tools are available to complete the internal examination as well as stitch up the body after the autopsy is concluded
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| Describe the key components of an autopsy: B-Features of identity: | B) Identity features are noted - including tattoos, birthmarks, or other identifying marks. ID by personal documents (such as a license) or friends/relatives are also noted.
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| Describe the key components of an autopsy: c-Brain | C)The brain is checked for signs of injury. It is then removed from the skull, weighed, and examined.
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| Describe the key components of an autopsy: d-internal examination: | D) Internal examination: The first cut extends from each shoulder to the center of the chest and down the center of the body. This is known as a "Y incision". Organs are examined in place and removed to be examined and weighed.
It consists of:
a-incising the body
b-inspecting the various organ
c-examining the cavities systemically
d- weighing and measuring the organs
e-checking for any photology
f-putting all the organs back in and padding
g-Suturing the body.
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| Describe the key components of an autopsy: E-Documentation: | e)Documentation: Photographs are taken to document the injury, identification features, and the decomposition state.
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| Describe the key components of an autopsy: F-external documentation: | F) External documentation: A description of the body is recorded (hair color, eye color, sex, etc.), and it is measured and weighed. Evidence of external injury is noted.
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| Describe the key components of an autopsy: G-Stomach content: | G) Stomach content: The stomach contents are examined. The identity and degree of digestion of foods (or other items such as pills) are determined. This analysis may help determine the time of death
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| What is meant by "grossing"? | Visually inspecting the organs or tissues and describing what is seen is referred to as “grossing” or gross examination. This view provides clues even before the microscopic examination is completed.
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| Describe the 3 factors related to death: | 1-Cause of death: the specific injury, trauma, or disease that directly caused the victim’s death, gunshot wound, pneumonia
2-Mechanism of death: what happens physiologically (inside the body) to result in death, exsanguination (extreme blood loss), cessation of brain function
3-Manner of death: the circumstance that results in death, which is designated as natural or unnatural (homicide) (natural accident)
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| Unnatural deaths are further categorized into______,_______, Or__________. | accident__, __homicide_____, or ___undetermined______.
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| State the FUNCTION of the human body systems: (10 )systems, what are they, and what are their functions? | 1-integumentary
2-skeletal
3-muscular
4-nervous
5-cardiovascular
6-raspiratory
7-digestive
8-urinary
9-endocrine
10-reproductive
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| State the FUNCTION of the human body systems: 1-integumentary: | 1-Integumentary:
-Guards against infection and injury and ultraviolet radiation from the sun
-helps to regulate body temperature
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| State the FUNCTION of the human body systems: 2-skeletal: | 2-Skeletal:
-Supports the body
- Protects internal organs
-allows movements
-stores mineral reserves
-contains cells that produce blood cells
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| State the FUNCTION of the human body systems: 3-muscular: | 3-Muscular:
-Works with skeletal systems to produce voluntary movement
-helps to circulate blood and move food through the digestive system.
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| State the FUNCTION of the human body systems: 4-Nervous: | 4-Nervous:
-recognizes and coordinates the body's response to changes in its internal and external environment.
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| State the FUNCTION of the human body systems: 5-Cardiovascular: | 5-Cardiovascular
-to deliver oxygen and nutrients and to remove carbon dioxide and other waste products
-Transport, protection, regulation
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| State the FUNCTION of the human body systems: 6-Respiratory: | 6-Respiratory:
-Brings oxygen needed for cellular respiration and removes excess carbon dioxide from the body.
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| State the FUNCTION of the human body systems: 7-Digestive: | 7-Digestive:
-breaks down food
-absorbs nutrients
-eliminates waste
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| State the FUNCTION of the human body systems: 8-Urinary: | 8-Urinary:
Eliminate waste from the body, regulates water balance of the blood
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| State the FUNCTION of the human body systems: 9-Endocrine: | 9-Endorince:
-Eliminates waste products from the body.
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| State the FUNCTION of the human body systems: 10-Reproductive: | 10-Reproductive:
-Produces gametes in females
-nurtures and protects developing embryo
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