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1 Ch - Phy Sci M 5B
Apologia Physical Science Module 5B
Question | Answer |
---|---|
chemical energy | the energy stored in chemical bonds |
activation energy | the energy required to START a reaction |
Avogadro's number | one mole of any substance = 6.02 x10 to the 23rd power particles |
mole | an amount of a substance that contains approximately 6.02x10 to the 23rd power particles of a substance |
bond energy | a measure of how STRONG a chemical bond is |
exothermic reaction | a chemical reaction that RELEASES energy to its surroundings |
endothermic reaction | a chemical reaction that ABSORBS energy from its surroundings |
law of the conservation of energy | energy cannot be created or destroyed, it can only be transformed from one type of energy to another |
dissociation | when ionic compounds SPLIT into their ions |
catalyst | a substance that speeds up a reaction but is not changed in the process |
combustion reaction | a chemical reaction in which a substance reacts rapidly with OXYGEN, often producing heat and light |
catching a marshmallow on fire while roasting | example of a combustion reaction |
fossil fuels such as natural gas | referred to as hydrocarbons, composed of only carbon & hydrogen atoms |
If a hydrocarbon & oxygen are reactants and _________ & __________ are products, this is a combustion reaction. | CO2, H2O |
In a double replacement reaction, the positive cations _________________ to form 2 new ionic compounds. | exchange places |
double replacement reaction | a chemical reaction in which two compounds exchange positive ions and form new compounds |
Breaking or forming bonds requires | energy. |
Energy is measured in | joules or kilojoules (kJ). |
reactants = products + energy | exothermic reactions |
reactants + energy = products | endothermic reactions |