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Human body systems
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Tissue | a group of similar cells that perform a specific function |
| organ | a body structure that is composed of different kinds of tissue that work together |
| organ system | a group of organs that work together to preform a major function |
| gland | an organ that produces and releases chemicals chemicals either through ducts or into the bloodstream |
| hormone | 1)the chemical produced by an endocrine gland 2)a chemical that affects growth and development |
| stress | the reaction of a persons body to potentially threatening,challenging,or disturbing events |
| interactions | the direct effect that one thing has on another |
| stable | resistant to sudden change |
| digestion | the process by which your body breaks down food into small nutrient molecules |
| nutrients | the substances in food that provide the raw materials the body's cells need to carry out all their essential processes |
| absorption | the process by which nutrient molecules pass through the wall of the digestive system into the blood |
| carbohydrates | a energy-rich organic compound,such as sugar or starch,that is made of the elements carbon,hydrogen and oxygen |
| peristalsis | waves of smooth muscle contractions that move food through the esophagus toward the stomach |
| saliva | fluid released from glands in the mouth that play an important role in mechanical and chemical digestion |
| enzymes | proteins that speed up chemical reactions in the body |
| elimination | act of removal of materials from the body |
| circulatory system | an organ system that transports needed materials to cells and removes waste |
| contract | to draw together;to reduce in size |
| artery | a blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart |
| vein | a blood vessel that carries blood back to the heart |
| capillary | a tiny blood vessel where substances are exchanges between the blood and body cells |
| lymph | fluid that travels through the lymphatic system consisting of water,white blood cells,and dissolved materials |
| bronchi | the 2 passages that direct air into the lungs |
| Alveoli | tiny thin-walled sacs of lung tissue specialized for the movement of gases between air and blood |
| excretion | the process of moving waste |
| Nephron | small filtering structure in the kidneys that removes wastes from blood and produces urine |
| neuron | a cell that carries information through the nervous system |
| synapse | the junction where one neuron can transfer an impulse to another neuron |
| impulse | the message carried by a neuron |
| brain | the part of the central nervous system that is located in the skull and controls most functions of the body |
| spinal cord | thick column of nervous tissue that links the brain to most of the nerves that branch out through the body |
| reflex | automatic response that occurs without conscious control through the somatic nervous system |
| negative feedback | the process by which a system is turned off by the condition it produces |
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