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Human Body System
Human body System
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Tissue | A group of similar cells that perform a specific function. |
Organ | A body structure that is composed of different kinds of tissues that work together |
organ system | A group of of organs that work together to perform a major function |
gland | an organ that produces and releases chemicals either through ducts or into the bloodstream |
Hormone | (1) The chemical produced by an endocrine gland (2) A chemical that affects growth and development |
stress | The reaction of a person's body to potentially threatening, challenging, or disturbing events |
interactions | The direct effect that's one thing has on another |
Stable | Resistant to sudden change |
digestion | The process by which your body breaks down food into small nutrients molecules |
Nutrients | The substances in food that provide the raw materials |
Absorption | The process by which nutrient molecules pass through the wall of the digestive system |
Carbohydrates | A energy-rich organic compound, such as sugar or starch, hydrogen and oxygen |
peristalsis | Waves of smooth muscle contractions that move through the esophagus toward stomach |
Saliva | Fluid release from glands in the mouth that plays an important role in mechanical and chemical digestion |
Enzymes | Proteins that speed up chemical reactions in the body |
Elimination | Act of removal of materials from the body |
Circulatory System | An organ system that transports needed materials to cells and removes waste |
Contract | To draw together and reduce in size |
Artery | A blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart |
vein | A blood vessel that carries blood back to the heart |
capillary | A tiny blood vessel where substances are exchanged between the blood and body cells |
Lymph | Fluid that travels through the lymphatic system system consisting of water, white blood cells, and dissolved materials |
Bronchi | the two passages that direct air into the lungs |
Alveoli | tiny thin-walled sacs of lung tissue specialized for the movement of gases between air and blood |
Excretion: | the process of moving wastes |
Nephron | small filtering structure in the kidneys that removes wastes from blood and produces urine |
Neuron | a cell that carries information through the nervous system |
Synapse | the junction where one neuron can transfer an impulse to another neuron |
Impulse | the message carried by a neuron |
Brain | the part of the central nervous system that is located in the skull and controls most functions of the body |
Spinal cord: | thick column of nervous tissue that links the brain to most of the nerves that branch out through the body |
Reflex | automatic response that occurs without conscious control through the somatic nervous system |
Negative feedback | the process by which a system is turned off by the condition it produces |