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Mod 9

Neuron/Neural Transmission

TermDefinition
Soma Cell body
Dendrites Attached to the soma, and it receives messages from other cells
Axon End. Carry messages away from cell body
Myelin Sheath Fatty protective layer
Terminal branches "tail" Form junctions with the dendrites of other neurons
Importance of myelin -Doesn't develop till age 25 -Crucial to behavior, movement and thought -deterioration can lead to motor impairment
Excitatory -Gas pedal to car -Triggers action
Inhibitory -Brake pedal on car -Depresses action
Synapse Space between neurons
Neurotransmitters Chemical messengers
Acetylcholine (ACH) Enables muscle action, learning, memory -Alzheimer's disease
Dopamine Influences movement learning, attention, and emotion -Schizophrenia
Serotonin Affects mood, hunger, sleep, and arousal -Depresion
Norepinephrine Helps control alertness and arousal -Undersupply can depress mood
GABA A major inhibitory neurotransmitter -tremors and insomnia
Glutamate A major excitatory neurotransmitter: involved in memory -Migraines and seizures
Endorphins Natural opiate Neurotransmitters that influence the perception of Pain and Pleasure Oversupply can suppress the body's natural endorphin supply
Agonist Excite neural firing- More of the neurotransmitter is released Encourages reuptake
Antagonist Inhabit neural firing- less of the neurotransmitter is released Blocks reuptake
Created by: Sophia154
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