click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Mod 9
Neuron/Neural Transmission
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Soma | Cell body |
Dendrites | Attached to the soma, and it receives messages from other cells |
Axon | End. Carry messages away from cell body |
Myelin Sheath | Fatty protective layer |
Terminal branches | "tail" Form junctions with the dendrites of other neurons |
Importance of myelin | -Doesn't develop till age 25 -Crucial to behavior, movement and thought -deterioration can lead to motor impairment |
Excitatory | -Gas pedal to car -Triggers action |
Inhibitory | -Brake pedal on car -Depresses action |
Synapse | Space between neurons |
Neurotransmitters | Chemical messengers |
Acetylcholine (ACH) | Enables muscle action, learning, memory -Alzheimer's disease |
Dopamine | Influences movement learning, attention, and emotion -Schizophrenia |
Serotonin | Affects mood, hunger, sleep, and arousal -Depresion |
Norepinephrine | Helps control alertness and arousal -Undersupply can depress mood |
GABA | A major inhibitory neurotransmitter -tremors and insomnia |
Glutamate | A major excitatory neurotransmitter: involved in memory -Migraines and seizures |
Endorphins | Natural opiate Neurotransmitters that influence the perception of Pain and Pleasure Oversupply can suppress the body's natural endorphin supply |
Agonist | Excite neural firing- More of the neurotransmitter is released Encourages reuptake |
Antagonist | Inhabit neural firing- less of the neurotransmitter is released Blocks reuptake |