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chapter 5 wrn
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The primary function of an x-ray imaging system is to | convert electric energy into electromagnetic energy. |
| Electric energy is supplied to the x-ray imaging system in the form of | well-controlled electric current. |
| Electric energy is converted into mechanical energy with a device known as an _______ _______, wich can be used to drive a circular saw. | electric motor |
| has mass and energy equivalence | matter |
| the study of stationary electric charges | electrostatics |
| Can be created by contact, friction, or induction | electrification |
| are the smallest units of electrical charge | electrons and protons |
| the very smallest unit of electrical charge is | electrons |
| The force of attraction between unlike charges or repulsion between like charges is due to the electric field and is called an | electrostatic force |
| Electric charge of a conductor is concentrated along the _______ curvature of a surface. | sharpest |
| The unit of electic potential | volt |
| Electric charges have ________ energy | potential |
| The study of electric charges in motion | Electrodynamics |
| any substance through which electrons flow easily | a conductor |
| any material that does not allow electron flow | insulator |
| a material that under some conditions behaves as an insulator and in other conditions behaves as a conductor | semiconductor |
| is a good conductor because of the salts and other impurities it contains | water |
| Glass, clay, andother earthlike materials are usually good electrical_________. | insulators |
| Resistance _______ as the temperature of material is reduced. | decreases |
| is the property of some materials to exhibit no resistance below a critical temperature (Tc). | Superconductivity |
| Superconductivity was discovered in ______ but was not developed commercially until the early ______. | 1911, 1960's |
| The voltage across the total circuit or any portion of the circuit is equal to the current times the resistance. | Ohm's law |
| formula for Ohm's law | V=IR |
| in a ______ circuit, all circuit elements are connected in a line along the same conductor. | series |
| Inhibits flow of electons | resistor |
| provides electric potential | battery |
| momentarily stores electric charge | capacitor |
| measures electric current | ammeter |
| measures electric potential | voltmeter |
| turns circuit on or off by providing infinite resistance | switch |
| Increases or decreases voltage by fixed amount (AC only) | transformer |
| variable resistor | Rheostat |
| Allows electrons to flow in only one direction | Diode |
| Electric power is measured in | watts |
| Any charged particle in motion creates a | magnetic field |
| the lines of a magnetic field are always _____ _______. | closed loops |
| the ability of a material to attract the lines of magnetic field intensity. | magnetic permeability |
| 3 principal types of magnets | naturally occuring magnets, artificially induced permanent magnets, and electromagnets |
| magnets are classified according to | the origin of the magnetic property |
| The Earth is an example of this type of magnet. | natural magnet |
| consists of wire wrapped around an iron core. | Electromagnets |
| _______ magnets are typically produced by aligning their domains in the field of an electromagnet | permanent |
| ________materials include iron, cobalt, and nickel. These are strongly attracted by a magnet and usually can be permanently magnetized by exposure to a magnetic field. | Ferromagnetic |
| _______ materials are weakly repelled by either magnetic pole. They cannot be artificially magnetized and they are not attracted to a magnet. Exp: water and platic | Diamagnetic |
| An alloy of aluminum, nickel, and cobalt called ______ is one of the more useful magnets produced from ferromagnetic material. | alnico |
| _________ materials lie somewhere between ferromagnetic and nonmagnetic. They are very slightly attracted to a magnet and are loosely influenced by an external magnetic field. | Paramagnetic |
| The degree to which a material can be magnetized is its | magnetic susceptibility |
| Gadolinium is an example of what kind of magnet | Paramagnetic |
| ______ objects can be made into magnets by induction. | ferromagnetic |
| What is the SI unit of magnet field strength is | tesla |
| is measured in units of joule per coulomb, or volt | electric potential |
| any charge in motion induces | a magnetic field |
| Any device that converts some form of energy directly into electric energy is said to be a source of | electromotive force |
| Electromotive force is not really a force such as gravity; rather, the term refers to | electric potential |
| a charge at rest produces... | no magnetic field |
| What does the thumb represent in the right hand rule? | The direction of the electric current. |
| What do the fingers represent in the right hand rule? | The direction of the magnetic field lines |
| A coil of wire is called a | solenoid |
| a current-carrying coil of wire wrapped around an iron core, which intensifies the induced magnetic field. | an electromagnett |
| a current measuring device | ammeter |
| an electric current is induced in a circuit if some part of that circuit is in a changing magnetic field. | electromagnetic induction |
| ______ is a prime example of electromagnetic induction | radio reception |
| induces motion in electrons in the radio antennae, resulting in a radio signal | oscillating magnetic field |
| powers the rotating anode of an x-ray tube | an induction motor |
| changes the intesity of alternating voltage and current. | a transformer |
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