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Unit 1 Exam Review
Clinical Microbiology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Name of the organism that life began 3.5 billion yrs | last common ancestor (LCS) |
| T/F: fungal disease is also called mycoses | true |
| Humans are: | eukaryotes |
| T/F: human cells have cell walls for support | false; ONLY PLANTS |
| Which of these are ways fungi can be pathogenic | -community acquired -opportunistic -hospital acquired |
| What is the purpose of lysosomes? | digestion |
| T/F: ribosomes consist of RNA & protein | true |
| T/F: yeast are filamentous thread-like fungi | false (buds in oval shape) |
| Hyphae in fungus | are thread-like branching cells found in filamentous fungi |
| Fungi produce which of these for reproduction | spores |
| Which of these methods of microbe control uses the denaturization of proteins to kill microbes? | heat |
| Which of these processes involves freeze-drying items to slow microbial growth & extend shelf life | lyophilization |
| T/F: Milk is not sterile and will eventually spoil even if unopened | true |
| Which of these is an example of chemical control of microbes | chlorine |
| Which of these methods of microbe control involves osmotic pressure | making jelly |
| This method of microbe control involves steam with a temp of up to 135C | autoclaving |
| Which of these describes the principle to slow down microbial growth | placing leftovers in fridge |
| T/F: microbistatic is the principle to slow microbial growth | true |
| Gram positive bacteria will stain what color? | purple |
| Gram negative bacteria will stain what color? | pink/red |
| T/F: all bacteria have plasmids | true |
| T/F: fimbriae are used to help bacteria cling to surfaces | true |
| The purpose of flagella is for | motility (movement) |
| Disinfection procedures must take into account | -the mixture of microbes being targeted -whether the microbes in biofilms are dispersed -the amount of organic matter associated with the microbes |
| Microbial methods that sterilize kill | endospores |
| Chemotaxis is the ability to | move in response to a chemical |
| The identities of microorganisms on our planet | are still mostly unknown |
| Which of these types of organisms is least likely to be identified to the genus level with light microscopy? | bacteria |
| A fastidious organism must be grown on what type of medium? | general purpose medium |
| Viruses are commonly grown in/on | animal cells/tissues |
| Most of the time, microbes in natural circumstances exist | in relationship with other species |
| Diagnosis of infections in a hospitalized person is often accomplished via | -microscopy -culture of samples from pt |
| If gram stain result is unclear, which of the following should be considered? | -get new sample -restaining same sample -identity of microbe may actually be gram-variable |
| Archae | lack peptidoglycan |
| Bacterial endospores usually function in | survival |
| Which structure plays a direct role in exchange of genetic material between bacterial cells? | pilus |
| Nanotubes are extensions of the _________ that can function in _________ | membrane, nutrient transfer |
| Which of these is true about biofilms? | they complicate treatment of some infections |
| Mitochondria likely originated from | bacteria |
| Yeasts are __ fungi, and molds are __ fungi | unicellular, filamentous |
| The golgi apparatus | modifies proteins |
| Fungi produce which of these structures for reproduction? | spores |
| Which of these organisms has best potential to survive in extreme environments? | fungi |
| Which of these groups causes most casualties on annual basis globally? | protozoa |
| which is not useful to determine whether clinical isolate is bacterium, fungus, or protozoan? | -size under light microsope -has a cell wall -can form protective structures under stress |
| DNA repair mechanisms can help alleviate effects of | UV radiation |
| Cytoplasmic enzymes are most likely to be disrupted by | high temp. |
| Transcription is targeted most directly by | UV radiation |
| Sanitization is a process by which | the microbial load on objects is reduced |
| The most versatile method for sterilizing heat-sensitive liquids is | filtration |
| Which of the following is present in both gram positive & negative | peptidoglycan |
Created by:
estephany15