Clinical Microbiology
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| Name of the organism that life began 3.5 billion yrs | last common ancestor (LCS)
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| T/F: fungal disease is also called mycoses | true
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| Humans are: | eukaryotes
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| T/F: human cells have cell walls for support | false; ONLY PLANTS
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| Which of these are ways fungi can be pathogenic | -community acquired
-opportunistic
-hospital acquired
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| What is the purpose of lysosomes? | digestion
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| T/F: ribosomes consist of RNA & protein | true
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| T/F: yeast are filamentous thread-like fungi | false (buds in oval shape)
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| Hyphae in fungus | are thread-like branching cells found in filamentous fungi
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| Fungi produce which of these for reproduction | spores
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| Which of these methods of microbe control uses the denaturization of proteins to kill microbes? | heat
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| Which of these processes involves freeze-drying items to slow microbial growth & extend shelf life | lyophilization
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| T/F: Milk is not sterile and will eventually spoil even if unopened | true
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| Which of these is an example of chemical control of microbes | chlorine
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| Which of these methods of microbe control involves osmotic pressure | making jelly
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| This method of microbe control involves steam with a temp of up to 135C | autoclaving
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| Which of these describes the principle to slow down microbial growth | placing leftovers in fridge
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| T/F: microbistatic is the principle to slow microbial growth | true
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| Gram positive bacteria will stain what color? | purple
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| Gram negative bacteria will stain what color? | pink/red
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| T/F: all bacteria have plasmids | true
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| T/F: fimbriae are used to help bacteria cling to surfaces | true
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| The purpose of flagella is for | motility (movement)
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| Disinfection procedures must take into account | -the mixture of microbes being targeted
-whether the microbes in biofilms are dispersed
-the amount of organic matter associated with the microbes
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| Microbial methods that sterilize kill | endospores
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| Chemotaxis is the ability to | move in response to a chemical
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| The identities of microorganisms on our planet | are still mostly unknown
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| Which of these types of organisms is least likely to be identified to the genus level with light microscopy? | bacteria
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| A fastidious organism must be grown on what type of medium? | general purpose medium
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| Viruses are commonly grown in/on | animal cells/tissues
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| Most of the time, microbes in natural circumstances exist | in relationship with other species
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| Diagnosis of infections in a hospitalized person is often accomplished via | -microscopy
-culture of samples from pt
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| If gram stain result is unclear, which of the following should be considered? | -get new sample
-restaining same sample
-identity of microbe may actually be gram-variable
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| Archae | lack peptidoglycan
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| Bacterial endospores usually function in | survival
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| Which structure plays a direct role in exchange of genetic material between bacterial cells? | pilus
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| Nanotubes are extensions of the _________ that can function in _________ | membrane, nutrient transfer
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| Which of these is true about biofilms? | they complicate treatment of some infections
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| Mitochondria likely originated from | bacteria
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| Yeasts are __ fungi, and molds are __ fungi | unicellular, filamentous
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| The golgi apparatus | modifies proteins
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| Fungi produce which of these structures for reproduction? | spores
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| Which of these organisms has best potential to survive in extreme environments? | fungi
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| Which of these groups causes most casualties on annual basis globally? | protozoa
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| which is not useful to determine whether clinical isolate is bacterium, fungus, or protozoan? | -size under light microsope
-has a cell wall
-can form protective structures under stress
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| DNA repair mechanisms can help alleviate effects of | UV radiation
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| Cytoplasmic enzymes are most likely to be disrupted by | high temp.
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| Transcription is targeted most directly by | UV radiation
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| Sanitization is a process by which | the microbial load on objects is reduced
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| The most versatile method for sterilizing heat-sensitive liquids is | filtration
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| Which of the following is present in both gram positive & negative | peptidoglycan
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Created by:
estephany15