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1 Ch - Phy Sci M 3A
Apologia Physical Science Module 3A
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Democritus | Greek, around 400 BC, called the smallest, uncuttable piece of something "atomos" |
| Aristotle | Greek, around 300 BC, argued that there was no fundamental, indivisible particle of matter |
| Science isn't just knowing what is true; it is also knowing | what isn't true, as well as acknowledging we don't have the capabilities (yet) to answer some questions. |
| John Dalton | English chemist and teacher, 1808, developed a theory to explain why elements in a compound always join in the same proportion |
| Dalton's atomic theory was | the 1st complete attempt to describe matter in terms of atoms. |
| Law of conservation of mass | Matter cannot be created or destroyed, but it can change forms. |
| Law of constant composition | Samples of a pure compound always have the same elements in the same mass proportion. |
| A theory must | explain the data from many scientists attempting to test the theory. |
| Dalton's theory proposed that the atom is | the smallest indivisible unit of an element. |
| JJ Thomson | 1897, English scientist, conducted first experiments that provided evidence that atoms are made of even smaller particles |
| plum pudding model of the atom | developed by William Thomson, pictured negatively charged particles as spread out evenly throughout a positively charged mass of matter |
| Ernest Rutherford | 1911, physicist from New Zealand, worked in England, formulated a new atomic model following experimenting with gold foil |
| planetary model of the atom | Rutherford's model, also called nuclear model; shows a tiny, heavy. positively charged nucleus with electrons orbiting |
| proton | positively charged part of the nucleus, named by Rutherford in 1919 |
| neutron | massive part of the nucleus with no charge, discovered and named in 1932 by James Chadwick |
| Scientists can tell protons, neutrons, and electrons apart by their | mass, charge, and location in the atom. |
| electicity | the motion of electrons in a wire |
| Protons have a positive charge that is equal to the | negative charge of the electron. |
| With the discovery of subatomic particles, scientists were able to | describe the differences between atoms of different elements. |
| atomic number | the number of protons in an atom |
| The vast majority of an atom's properties are determined by | the number of electrons in the atom. |
| mass number | the sum of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom |
| isotopes | atoms of an element with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons |
| Niels Bohr | Danish physicist, worked in Rutherford's lab in England, formulated an atomic model in 1913 that explained the known properties of atoms |
| fireworks | the result of heating different elements that produce different colors of lights |
| Bohr hypothesized that electrons orbit | around the nucleus at fixed distances, like planets around the sun |
| energy levels | the fixed distances in which electrons orbit around a nucleus; electron shells |
| Bohr hypothesized that electrons with MORE energy would be found in | higher energy levels FARTHER from the nucleus. |
| Bohr hypothesized that electrons with LESS energy would be found in | lower energy levels CLOSER to the nucleus. |
Created by:
MrsHough
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