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infrared modalities
ortho foundations exam 1 material
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| examples of infrared modalities | ice massage, cold packs, whirlpool, contrast baths, cry-cuff, paraffin, fluidotherapy |
| heat loss or gain through direct contact | conduction |
| heat gain or loss by the movement of air or water molecules across the skin | convection |
| the transmission of energy through electromagnetic waves | radiation |
| example of conduction modality | paraffin wax |
| example of convection modality | whirlpool |
| example of radiation modality | infrared lamp |
| depth of ___ for heat | 1 cm |
| depth of ____ for cold | up to 3 cm |
| does cold or heat have deeper effect? | COLD has deeper effect than heat, as skin gets warm, doesn't have same penetrating effect bc heat gets carried away (NOT bc of differing wavelengths!*) |
| how long you use a modality depends on | signs and symptoms |
| cryotherapy effects | local decrease in temp, decrease metabolic rate, perception of pain, increase threshold to pain, promote local vasoconstriction |
| cryotherapy is most useful in _____ injuries | acute |
| cryotherapy should continue _____ after injury | 36-72 hours after |
| _____ can occur when the tissue temperature decreases below 0 degrees | frostbite (prolonged exposure to cold will cause vasoconstriction that can be damaging ) |
| hypersensitivity to cold, tissue ischemia and excessive pain accompany short exposures to cold | Raynaud's phenomenon |
| cryotherapy treatment guidelines: continues until skin temperature reaches ___ | 58 degrees F (generally after 20 min, until they get numb) |
| patient should feel ______ with cryotherapy | cold, stinging, burning, aching, numbness |
| types of cryotherapy | ice massage, commercial cold packs, ice packs, cold whirlpool, contrast bath, cryocuff |
| _______ combines the application of cold with sub-maximal exercise | cryokinetics |
| goal of cryokinetics | get injured part numb to allow exercising to achieve normal motion. numbness may last for 3-5 minutes |
| effects of thermotherapy | increase temp, vasodilation, increase extensibility of soft tissue, decrease pain, increase metabolic rate |
| thermotherapy recommended for | subacute and chronic conditions |
| get heat to _____degrees to get tissue elongation* | 4 degrees |
| types of thermotherapy | warm whirlpool, commercial hydrocollator, paraffin baths, fluidotherapy |
| dry heat modality that uses suspended air stream forced through cellulose particles | thermotherapy |
| temp for thermotherapy | 39-48 C, (100-118F) |
| contraindications for cryotherapy | impaired circulation, peripheral vascular disease, cold hypersensitivity, skin anesthesia, open wounds, infection, cold allergy |
| contraindications for thermotherapy | acute musculoskeletal conditions, impaired circulation, peripheral vascular disease, skin anesthesia, open wounds |
| *ways that cryotherapy decreases pain | ascending pain control, decreases: nerve conduction velocity, sensitivity of pain receptors, compression on pain fibers, superficial muscle spasm |
| *ways that thermotherapy decreases pain | ascending pain control, decreases: compression on pain fibers, decreases superficial muscle spasm, flush out pro-inflammatory chemicals, increase superficial circulation |
Created by:
thomask9
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